UNIT 1 QUIZ Flashcards
A nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about loop diuretics. Which would be included in this classification? (Select all that apply.) A)Acetazolamide B)Torsemide C)Ethacrynic acid D)Mannitol E)Bumetanide
Ans: B, C, E
Feedback:
Torsemide, ethacrynic acid, and bumetanide are examples of loop diuretics
While assessing a peritoneal dialysis client in his or her home, the nurse notes that the fluid draining from the abdomen is cloudy, is white in color, and contains a strong odor. The nurse suspects this client has developed a serious complication known as:
A. Bladder erosion
B. Bowel perforation
C. Peritonitis
D. Too much sugar in the dialysis solution
Ans: C. Peritonitis
A client who has developed stage 3 renal failure has been diagnosed with high phosphate levels. To avoid the development of osteodystrophy, the physician may prescribe a phosphate-binding agent that does not contain: A. Sevelamer hydrochloride B. Aluminum C. Calcium carbonate D. Calcium acetate
Ans: B. Aluminum
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient who is taking a diuretic. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
A) Impaired urinary elimination
B) Monitor the patient response to the drug
C) Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements
D) Risk for fluid volume overload
Ans:
A) Impaired urinary elimination
A client consumed 2 1/4 oz of coffee, 2/3 of ice cream, and 1 1/2 oz of beef broth. What is the total number of ounces consumed that should be documented for the client? A. 4 4/9 B. 3 3/4 C. 4 5/12 D. 4 2/3
Ans:
C. 4 5/12
In anatomy class, the instructor asks, “Explain how urine is expelled from the bladder during voiding.” The student with the most accurate response would be:
A. “The detrusor muscle contract down on the urine and the ureteral orifices are forced shut. The external sphincter relaxes as urine moves out of the bladder.
B. “The urothelium acts as a barrier to prevent urine from seeping into capillaries
C. “The beginning of micturition occurs when neurons send messages down to the pudendal nerve.”
D. “It’s really the external sphincter muscle that controls urination. The somatic nervous system innervates the muscles of the external sphincter and the pelvic floor muscles that together control the outflow of urine.”
An:
A. “The detrusor muscle contract down on the urine and the ureteral orifices are forced shut. The external sphincter relaxes as urine moves out of the bladder.
While taking a history from an adult client newly diagnosed with renal cell cancer, the nurse can associate which of the following high-risk factors with the development of this cancer? A. Inherited renal disease B. Adrenal medulla tumors C. heavy smoking D. Anorexia/bulimia disorder
C. heavy smoking
A client fell off a ladder and sustained a spinal cord injury that has resulted in bladder dysfunction. During the period immediately after the spinal injury, spinal shock develops and the bladder displays what type of function? A. Hyperactive B. Uninhibited C. Atonic C. Spasmodic
C. Atonic
A patient comes to the clinic for a 1-month follow up appointment. The patient tells the nurse he or she has been taking chlorothiazide (Diruil) for a month and now has leg cramps and "feels tired all the time." What will the nurse consider as the cause of the patients symptoms? A. Hypocalcemia B. Hypokalemia C. Hypercalcemia D. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
Prior to undergoing diagnostic testing with contrast, it is recommended that older adult clients have their creatinine level checked. The rationale for this is to ensure the client:
A. Is in good enough health to withstand on a treadmill
B. Will not undergo an acute kidney injury by decreasing renal blood flow
C. is not allergic shellfish or iodine
D. Does not have a kidney stone obstructing the urethra.
Ans:
B. Will not undergo an acute kidney injury by decreasing renal blood flow
The nurse is caring for a patient with sever head injury. An osmotic diuretic is ordered. The nurse understands which drug is an osmotic diuretic? A. Spironolactone (Aldactone) B. Bumetanide (Burnex) C. Ethacrynic (Edecrin) D: Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Ans:
D: Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children do occur. If a child has repeated UTIs, what would be important to asses for? Select all the apply A. Bubble baths B. Drinking Apple juice C. Sexual Abuse D. Drinking too much water E. Obstruction
Ans:
A. Bubble bath
C. Sexual Abuse
E. Obstruction
A female patient has a history of frequent bladder infections. Which classification of diuretic would not be recommended for this patient? A. Loop diuretics B. Potassium-sparing diuretic C. Thiazide and thiazide like diuretics D. Osmotic diuretics
Ans: C. Thiazide and thiazide like diuretics
The clinic nurse is providing care for a patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which drug would the nurse expect to administer to this patient? A. Norfloxacin B. Solifenacin C. Alfuzosin D. Pentosan polysulfate sodium
Ans:
A. Norfloxacin
The nurse is providing health teaching to a 62 year old female patient who has been started on a urinary tract anti-infective medication. This patient should be taught to contact her physician if she experiences what adverse effects? A. Tachycardia B. Polydipsia C. Confusion D. Hypertension
Ans:
C. Confusion
Which of the following signs and symptoms in a 2 year old child should prompt assessment for a urinary tract infection?
A. Frank hematuria
B. Production of concentrated urine and recurrent nausea
C. Unexplained fever and anorexia
D. Decreased urine output and irritability
Ans:
C. Unexplained fever and anorexia
A patient is taking phenazopyridine (Azo-Standard) and ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection.
A. Do not be alarmed if your urine is a reddish brown color
B. If you notice yellowing of your eyes or skin, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
C. Increase your fluid intake. Drink lots of water
D. Be sure to take you medication with food if you have GI irritation.
Ans: B. If you notice yellowing of your eyes or skin, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
An 86 year old female client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of dehydration and hyponatremia after she curtailed her fluid intake to minimize urinary incontinence. The client's admitting laboratory results are suggestive of prerenal failure. The nurse should be assessing this client for which of the following early signs of prerenal injury? A. Excessive voiding of clear urine B. Sharp decrease in urine output C. Intermittent periods of confusion D. Acute hypertensive crisis
Ans:
B. Sharp decrease in urine output
A diabetic client with a history of hypertension may receive a prescription for which medication to provide a renal protective effect by reducing intraglomerular pressure? Select all that apply? A. A digitals preparation B. Angiotensin receptor blockers C. Calcium channel blockers D. ACE inhibitors E. Loop diuretics.
Ans:
B. Angiotensin receptor blockers
D. ACE inhibitors
A patient with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) has been prescribed terzosin (Hytrin). How do alpha-adrenergic blockers, such as terazosin, assist in treating the symptoms of BPH?
A. They increase skeletal muscle contraction
B. They inhibit contraction of the urinary bladder.
C. They increase gastric motility
D. They decrease blood pressure.
Ans:
B. They inhibit contraction of the urinary bladder.
Which of the following assessment findings would lead the nurse to suspect the client has nephrotic syndrome?
A. Increased creatinine with normal blood urea nitrogen.
B. Proteinuria and generalized edema
C. hematuria and anemia
D. Renal colic and increased serum sodium
Ans:
B. Proteinuria and generalized edema
The nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria and lipiduria, along with an associated hypoalbuminemia, generalized edema, and hyperlipidemia.
