Unit 1: Population Flashcards
What is natural change?
Could be either either an increase or a decrease, # of births - #deaths
What is a replacement level?
When the number of births equals the number of deaths.
What is life expectancy?
The average number of years a person is expected to live in a specific country.
How do we calculate doubling time?
Rule of 70: 70 ÷ rate of natural increase (not in decimal form)
What is exponential growth?
Growth at an increasingly rapid rate in proportion to the growing total number or size.
What is a birth rate?
Number of births per 1000 of the country’s population.
What is a death rate?
Number of births per 1000 of the country’s population.
What is momentum of growth, also known as population momentum?
An occurrence where the growth rate is EXPECTED to decrease, but the actual population continues to grow.
How do we calculate the % Rate of Change?
(((Year 2 Population - Year 1 Population)/Year 1 Population) x 100) ÷ # of years
What did Thomas Malthus believe?
Population Checks, such as poverty and disease, would naturally control the population if it were to get out of hand.
What did Ehrlich believe?
Population growth is bad for the planet.
What did Simon believe?
Population growth is positive.
What is the high fluctuating stage of a DTM characterized by?
STAGE 1: High+Stable Birth rate, high+unstable death rate, slow population growth, low life expectancy.
What’s an example of a region in the high fluctuating stage?
Rural Areas
What is the expanding stage characterized by in the DTM?
STAGE 2: High birth rate, low death rate, high fertility rate, large+quick population growth.
Whats an example of a region in the expanding stage?
Nigeria and many countries in Africa.
What is the late expanding stage characterized by in the DTM?
STAGE 3: Low birth rate, low death rate, low fertility rate, high life expectancy, already high population but low population growth.
What is an example of a region in the expanding stage?
China
What is the low growth stage characterized by in the DTM?
STAGE 4: Low birth rate, low death rate, low fertility rate, low fertility rate, high life expectancy, population not too high to begin with + slow population growth
What is an example of a region in the low growth stage?
Canada
What is the declining stage characterized by in the DTM?
STAGE 5: Low birth rate, high death rate.
What is an example of a region in the low growth stage?
Czech Republic
What is the ideal stage considered to be?
Stage 4
Determinants for levels of development?
Urbanization, Unemployment Rate, Quality of Life Index, Literacy Rate, etc.
What are some examples of Developed countries?
New Zealand, Germany, China, etc.
What are some examples of Developing Countries?
Bolivia, India, Mexico, Thailand, etc.
What are some examples of Under Developed countries?
Haiti, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Afghanistan, etc.
What is the biggest threat to our Earth in present day according to “How Many people can live on Planet Earth”?
Overpopulation
Natural Population checks include…
Disease, famine, etc.
Overpopulation is a problem because we are already facing severe shortage of these two necessities:
Water and food.
Which country, already struggling to feed its own current population, is most targeted for foreign investors?
Africa
Which non-renewable resource are we beginning to see shortages of?
Energy deriving from fossil fuel.
What is carrying capacity?
An estimation of how big a population our Earth can support.
What is bio-capacity and in what unit is it measured in?
All food, water and energy produced. It is measured in global hectiles.
What is the fertility rate?
The amount of LIVE births per 1000 people.
Why is urbanization occurring in Lesser Developed Countries?
- third parties are taking over agricultural land
- low resources in rural areas
- natural hazards ex. desertification
- more opportunities available in cities
- farmers are manipulated out of their land
- commercial farming is increasing
Which country in the movie “Population Paradox” has a very slow rate of urbanization, which 40% of its land rural due to high poverty?
India
What is the main problem with urbanization?
It’s mostly taking place in Lesser Developed Countries.
What is a slum?
Towns where residents have no legal right to the land.
What is the main problem with squatters, slums and favelas?
Too many people but too little space.
In the DVD “Slum Cities”, drug cartels control the slums in….
Rio de Janeiro
Which country has the highest population in Africa?
Nigeria.
What are some reasons for a country (like the Czech Republic) to have a decreasing population?
- Immigrants are paid to leave the country if unemployed.
- Crime and homelessness
- Socially small families are promoted
- Low life expectancy
- Expensive to have children
Which country in Asia showed a remarkable decrease in population growth and fertility rates (from 6.1 to 1.2)?
South Korea.
Iraq has very high population growth. What does the Islamic lifestyle promote which is detrimental to slowing down the rate of change?
Large families, little contraception and male dominance.
Which country, other than the Czech Republic, is currently experiencing a decline?
Italy
Why is the amount adults from 20-60 years old in Africa decreasing?
HIV/Aids
What are some solutions for excessive population DECLINE?
- Government Incentives ex. payment to have more children
- Immigration
What are some solutions for excessive population INCREASE?
- Religion ex. religious figures can promote smaller families & use of contraceptives
- Equitable distribution of income
- technological improvements
- Improved Health care
- Education ex. family planning
- Debt reduction, reduction of poverty
- Equality of women
- Land reform
- Population checks ex. disease, famine, etc.
