unit 1 politics Flashcards
define the divine right
the belief that the monarch was God’s representative on earth and answerable to God alone
how many theons of the british kindom did charles inherit and name them
3 thrones
england (with wales) ireland and scotland
what was civil war in england sparked by
it was sparked by rebeliion in scotland and ireland in 1642
what did the privy council consist off
the kings chosen royal advisers
when did charles succeed the throne
March 1625
how much money did charles loan from the city of london merchants
£60000
what was the main issues that the former king james left that faced charles
1.war with spain
2.religious conflicts that erupted
3.empty treasuries and dwindling credits
when did parliament first meet the king
june 1625
what did charles meeting with parliament initiate?
it initiate a sequance of quarrels that ddeestroyed any cooperation between both parties
list 3 financial reforms charles i made during his personal rule
tonnage and poundage, sellingnopoly licences, ship money
when was the short parliament assembled
april 1640
whe was the long parliament assembled
november 1640
what was william lauds title
archbishop of canterbury
what was thomas wentworths title
lord strafford
one example of opposition to financial reforms
was john hampdens refusal to pay ship money
was charlse’s personal rule entirely successful
yes to a certan extent we can argue that if john hampden didnt start creating resistance by refusing hispersonal rule wouldve been succesfull
why was john hampdens case seen as the stat of growing resistance in court
there was a clear division because the votes were 7 to 5
what were the name of the three puritan writers that wrote out against charles punishment
burton, bastwick and prym
what was the book of canons
1637 instructions onhow to lay out hurche caused there to be a riot in edinburgh
why did charlse’s intervention in scotland cause opposition amongst the gentry
- tax payers strike in england
- general frustration that he entered first bishops war even with a weak army
- marriage to catholic queen henrietta maria
why did charlse’s personal rule fail
- kings miscalculations
- financial reforms
- religious reforms
why did short parliamnets dissolve
because they were requesting for the end of arminianism
what were the 5 demands of the pyms junto
- prevent the dissolution of parliament
- replace and punish ‘evil counselors’
- prevent charlse’s i silencing opposition
- prevent charles from raising money without parliament
- reverse lauds reforms and restore protestant identity
what were the three top members of the pym’s junto
Arthur Haselrig
john hampden
john pym
what was the root and branch petition december 1640
asked for the abolition of the episcopacy. wanted bishops to be removed from te privy council and rom the house o the lords.
what were the 10 propositions 1641
demands by parliament such as the right to ccontrol charles’s ministers in parliament.
why were the 10 propositions not passed
- more radical than any previous reforms
- never officially passed
- it enroached on charles perogative special ( special priviledges0
- pym tried to convince MPs they were defesive demands so they were generally accepted
who led the opposition against charles when the long parliament fisrt me.
john pym
what were the term of the triennial act introduced in february 1641
the monarch had to call parliament at least every 3 years
what method was used to by Mp’s to bring about the execution of the earl of strafford
act of attainder
what issues was parliament divided on by late 1641
pyms junto - constituional moderates
- act of attainder - dath warrant for wentworth
- form of protestantism e.g role of bishops
- ten propositions (especially parliamentary control of the kings advisers) grand remonstrance
why did the English civil war break out in august 1642 the build-up to war 1641-1642
in octobe 1641 therewere growing rumours of a risg among catholics on protest attackes
what was the militia bill 1642 and how did members of parliaments react to it
provide an army under the control of parliament and it outdrage moderate ms
how does the grand remonstrance highlighr thr gwoeing division in parliament
only passed 11 votes
what demands were in the 19 propositions
parliament to overseee the education
why was the new model army so effectivr
they had 22000 men
why did parliament win the civil war
1.the failure of the royalists to capitalise on their early advantage
2. the superior resources enjoyed by parliament
what is the self denying orddinance
required that all mps give up their millitary commandments
