Unit 1: Physical Health Flashcards
What are the key structures found in the skeletal system?
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons
What are the 3 types of muscles found in the body?
Striated, smooth, and cardiac muscles
Define Central Nervous System
Messages in the CNS travel through the spinal cord to the brain which then directs all the functions of the body
What does the Central Nervous System contain?
Brain and spinal cord
Define Peripheral Nervous System
Messages in the PNS travel between the CNS and the rest of the body
What does the Peripheral Nervous System contain?
All of the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord
What is the key structure associated with the respiratory system
Lungs
What are the structures of the upper respiratory tract?
Nose, pharynx, and larynx
What are the structures of the lower respiratory tract?
Trachea, bronchial, bronchioles, alveoli
What are the main structures of the cardiovascular system?
Heart, veins, arteries, capillaries
Trace the pathway of blood through the heart
Pulmonary veins > Left atrium > Left ventricle > Aorta > Body Tissues > Vena cava > Right atrium > Right ventricle > Pulmonary arteries > Lungs >
What are the main organs of the digestive system?
Salivary glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
What do the salivary glands do?
moisten and lubricate food and begin breakdown of carbohydrates
What does the liver do?
Metabolizes macronutrients, produces bile and detoxifies the body
What does the gallbladder do?
stores bile which helps digest food and absorb fat
What does the pancreas do?
secretes enzymes and hormones that help with digestion and the use of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What are the major organs of the urinary system?
Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra
What does the immune system do?
helps white blood cells travel throughout the body to fight off foreign antigens
What are the main structures of the immune system?
Thymus, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Lymphatic vessels
What are the structures of the integumentary system?
Hair, skin, nails, and associated glands
What is the function of the integumentary system?
Protects tissues from the environment, encloses nerve fibers, lubrication, body temperature, provides insulation
What is the role of the endocrine system?
Keep the body in a state of homeostasis, or balance
What are symptoms of the common cold?
watery eyes
nasal congestion
sneezing
sore throat
What is the cause of the common cold?
more than 200 viruses
What is the treatment for the common cold?
over the counter medicine and rest
What are symptoms of influenza?
fatigue
muscle stiffness
coughs
sore throat
nasal congestion
headaches
high fever
What is the cause of influenza?
influenza virus
What is the treatment for influenza?
Tamiflu, rest
What are symptoms of mononucleosis?
fatigue
swollen lymph nodes
swollen tonsils
swollen spleen
fever
headache
skin rash
What is the cause of mononucleosis?
virus
What is the treatment for mononucleosis?
medicine
What are symptoms of meningitis?
sudden high fever
severe headache
stiff neck
nausea
vomiting
What is the cause of menengitis?
virus or bacteria
What is the treatment for meningitis?
antibiotics
