Unit 1 PBC

Question 1

What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 2

True or False: Prokaryotic cells are generally larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is found in the __________.

Answer 3

nucleoid

Question 4

What type of cell contains organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 4

Eukaryotic cells

Question 5

Which structure is responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Ribosomes

Question 6

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 7

True or False: All prokaryotic cells have a cell wall.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What type of eukaryotic cell is specialized for photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Plant cells

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells? A) No nucleus B) Membrane-bound organelles C) Circular DNA D) Smaller size

Answer 9

B) Membrane-bound organelles

Question 10

What structure in eukaryotic cells contains the genetic material?

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The jelly-like substance inside a cell is called __________.

Answer 11

cytoplasm

Question 12

What is the role of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 12

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 13

True or False: Prokaryotic cells reproduce by mitosis.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the primary component of the bacterial cell wall?

Answer 14

Peptidoglycan

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a specialized eukaryotic cell type? A) Red blood cell B) Bacterial cell C) Virus D) None of the above

Answer 15

A) Red blood cell

Question 16

What structure is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

Mitochondria

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a network of protein filaments that helps maintain cell shape in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 17

cytoskeleton

Question 18

True or False: Eukaryotic cells can be unicellular or multicellular.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are the two main types of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 19

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 20

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 20

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: __________ cells lack membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 21

Prokaryotic

Question 22

What is a common method of genetic exchange in prokaryotes?

Answer 22

Conjugation

Question 23

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in modifying and packaging proteins? A) Golgi apparatus B) Ribosomes C) Nucleus D) Lysosomes

Answer 23

A) Golgi apparatus

Question 24

True or False: Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

What is the role of the plasma membrane?

Answer 25

The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 26

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Answer 26

Vacuoles store nutrients and waste products and help maintain turgor pressure.