Unit 1 - Part 2 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
Which sub-atomic particle has almost no mass?
Electron
Which sub-atomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
Which sub-atomic particles have a mass of one?
Proton and neutron
What is an electrons charge?
Negative
Which sub-atomic particle has a neutral charge?
Neutron
Where would you find a proton?
In the neucleus
Where would you find an electron?
In the energy levels
Where would you find a neutron?
In the neucleus
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom
How do you find out the mass number of an atom?
Number of protons add the number of neutrons
How do you find out the number of neutrons?
Mass number minus the number of protons
How many electrons can the first energy level hold?
2 electrons
How many electrons can all but the first energy level hold?
8 electrons
What is the electron arrangement for oxygen?
2,6
What is the electron arrangement for lithium?
2,1
What is the electron arrangement for krypton?
2,8,8,8
What is the definition of an isotope?
An isotope is a defined as two or more atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number
What is neuclide notation?
When you have the mass number on top of the attic number and the element symbol to the right
What is relative atomic mass?
The relative atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element
Why do atoms form covalent bonds?
To get a full outer shell
What effects whether an atom will gain or lose electrons when bonding?
The number of electrons
In general, do metals gain or lose electrons?
Metals usually lose electrons and non-metals gain electrons
Does hydrogen gain or lose electrons?
Hydrogen loses electrons
What is a molecule?
When 2 or more non-metal atoms join together by covalent bonds
Do covalent substances have low or high melting and boiling points?
They have low melting and boiling points
Do covalent substances dissolve in non-aqueus solutions?
Yes they do
Do covalent substances dissolve in non-aqueus solutions?
Yes they do
Do covalent substances conduct electricity?
Covalent substances don’t conduct in any state
What is an intramolecular bond?
A covalent bond that is inside each molecule. They are very strong
What is an intermolecular bond?
They are covalent bonds that are weak and are attractive forces. They break at low temperatures
