Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Theology > Unit 1 Morality > Flashcards

Unit 1 Morality Flashcards

1
Q

definition of morality

A

the science of what humans ought to do by reason of who they are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is moral relativism

A

each culture/group has right to make up their own morality, there is no absolute moral code. laws are necessary to achieve a peaceful society but in personal life if it doesn’t hurt anyone, one can decide what is right for them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

problems with moral relativism

A

-doesn’t correspond w/ reality
-no criteria to judge different morality standards
-people’s decisions/actions DO affect other people
-who decides who creates the laws for a peaceful society?
-principle of non-contradiction: no view of morality is absolute except the view of morality that there are no absolutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is Hedonsim

A

pleasure=greatest good
pain=greatest evil
feeling good is the goal of morality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

problems with Hedonism

A

it’s self-destructive and self-centered. what is good for is not always most fulfilling or is not always good for others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is utilitarianism

A

actions are moral when they lead to the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

problems w/ utilitarianism

A

majority can be wrong, great happiness for majority can mean great unhappiness for a small number
danger of only valuing those that are useful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is consequentialism

A

morality of an action is determined by its consequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

problems w/ consequentialism

A

can justify bad actions that lead to god results, don’t always know the best consequences. how to weigh “badness” that is justifiable for the resulting “goodness”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bottom level of happiness

A

physical pleasures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

2nd level of happiness

A

ego gratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3rd level of happiness

A

relationships/beyond self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

top level of happiness

A

ultimate perfect happiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is physical pleasures

A

happiness derived from material objects and pleasure they can provide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is ego gratification

A

happiness derived from personal achievements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is relationships/beyond self happiness

A

happiness derived from doing good for others and making the world a better place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the problem with relativism

A

it says that moral is something relative; subjective and changeable according to beliefs and circumstances, and it isn’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is natural law

A

universal, permant and unchanging, can be discovered through humand reason and corresponds with our desire to preserve life, develop as individuals and communities and share life with others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

arguments for existence of natural law

A
  1. universal human nature
  2. humans inherently understand right and wrong
  3. humans are morally obligated to use their reasoning
  4. is passed to humans via God
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CS Lewis’ arguments for Natural Law

A
  1. Selfishness has never been admired
  2. We must behave in a certain way and expect others to do the same
  3. People who argue both agree that there is a basline of right vs. wrong
  4. none of us really live up to it
  5. we think every culture has drastically different laws (this isn’t true)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

definition of virtue

A

habitual and firm disposition to do the good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what does natural law show about objective/subjective truths in moral standards

A

You can’t take objective truths and make them subjective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aristotle’s idea of proper functioning

A

everything has a function, a thing is good to the extent that it fulfills it’s function

22
Q

eudaimonia

A

a life well lived

23
Q

4 cardinal virtues

A

prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance

24
Q

cardinal in latin

A

hinge

25
Q

what is prudence

A

applies moral principles to particular situations (intellect)

26
Q

what is justice

A

consists in the constant and firm will to give their due to God and neighbor, it promotes equity with regards to persons and the common good

27
Q

what is fortitude

A

THE VIRTUE TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT THING!! the firmness in difficulties and constancy in the pursuit of the good. it resists temptations to overcome obstacles in the moral life, even fear or death of persecution

28
Q

what were we created for

A

to love God and others

29
Q

how does what we were created for relate to happiness

A

when we do what God intended for us to do, we will happy for eternity

30
Q

what does morality teach us to do

A

honor god and life a life that seeks to please Him and help out others

31
Q

what is Christian’s telos

A

a greek word meaning “end” or “purpose”
our telos is for God and heaven

32
Q

what is Christian’s GPS

A

reason and revelation

33
Q

creation story points

A

-humans created last, we are best thing God created
-God created this world for us
-God gives us free will to give us a chance to love Him
-women are equal in dignity to men
-male and female compliment each other
-we were creatred to be in relationships

34
Q

results of original sin

A

suffering is a natural consequence, gives us a distorted image of God, men and women will never have a perfect relationship, we don’t always know what’s best for us

35
Q

what is eternal law

A

God’s self revelation (who God is)

36
Q

natural law 4 basic aspects

A
  1. universal (applies to all people in all places)
  2. permanent (applies to all times)
  3. unchanging (for all times)
  4. reasonable (could be discovered through human reason)
37
Q

what is civil law

A

-particular application of the natural law for members of a given society
-not always accurate

38
Q

can one disobey an unjust law

A

YES

39
Q

what is revealed law

A

God’s law

40
Q

why do we need revealed law

A

our reason isn’t enough, God gives us revealed law

41
Q

what is Old law?

A

10 commandments, meant to guide GOd’s people in how to love him and one another

42
Q

what is New law?

A

Beatitudes, fulfill the divine promises by elevating and orienting them toward the kingdom of Heaven

43
Q

what is the meaning/purpose of the geatitudes

A

they deal with interior acts of the heart. having pure intentions, sincerity

44
Q

what is Church law

A

the full body of established rules governing the Catholic Church

45
Q

what is the Magisterium

A

the teaching body of the Church (bishops and pope)

46
Q

what are the precepts of the Church

A

“Laws”/”Commandments” of the Church that are considered binding for the faithful. the precepts of the Church are minimal obligations for Catholics in good standing

47
Q

the 6 precepts

A
  1. attend mass on sundays
  2. confess sins at least once a year
  3. receive the Eucharist at LEAST during the Easter season
  4. keep holy days of obligation
  5. observe prescribed laws of fasting and abstinence
  6. help provide for material needs of the Church
48
Q

why should we trust Church law

A
  1. deposit of faith: church been around long time and has experience we lack
  2. papal infallibility: god uses Pope to reveal things to use (without error)
  3. god’s goodness and love
49
Q

3 parts of the moral act

A

object, intention, circumstance

50
Q

do all the parts have to be good in order for the act to be moral

A

YES

51
Q

object part of the moral act

A

the action being performed
a good object=good object=good object
OR
a bad object=bad=bad
nothing can change if it’s a good or bad action

52
Q

intention part of the moral act

A

subjective element, can make an object worse

53
Q

circumstance part of the moral act

A

who/where/when/how, all the details ONLY IN YOUR CONTROL, sometimes play no role in the moral act

54
Q

what is conscience

A

a sense of what is right/wrong in one’s conduct or motives. it is a feeling of obligation to do the right thing

55
Q

christians are called to judge ________ but can never judge ________

A

christians are called to judge ACTIONS but can never judge SOULS

Theology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions