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KIPP 8th Grade US History > Unit 1 Module 1: European Colonization > Flashcards

Unit 1 Module 1: European Colonization Flashcards

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1
Q

What technology did Europeans use to explore?

A

The astrolabe, the compass, and the Mercator projection map

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2
Q

What did the astrolabe do?

A

It used math to find the time of the day and the time of sunset and sunrise

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3
Q

What did the compass do?

A

It told them the direction they were travelling in

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4
Q

What is this map?

A

A Mercator projection map from the 1400s

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5
Q

What is this map?

A

A Mercator projection map from today

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6
Q

What is a major weakness of the Mercator projection map?

A

It’s inaccurate to use it today because the closer you are to the equator, the smaller you are represented on the map.

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7
Q

What is a missionary?

A

Someone who goes to another country to spread their religion

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8
Q

What were the 3 big reasons for why European countries when to colonize?

A

Gold
God
Glory

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9
Q

Why was gold a motivation for Europeans to colonize?

A

Because people in Europe were thirsty for gold since you could buy alot of luxury good (like spices) with gold.

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10
Q

Why was glory a motivation for Europeans to colonize?

A

Because European countries were rivals with each other. Each European country wanted to be better than the other

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11
Q

Why was god a motivation for Europeans to colonize?

A

Because Europeans, who were Christian, thought God wanted them to spread Christianity, even if it meant by force.

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12
Q

What is a colonizer?

A

A powerful country that uses their power to attack weaker countries and steals their resources

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13
Q

What is a colony?

A

A weakened country that becomes a servant to the mother country. The job of the colony is to feed the mother country and make the mother country rich

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14
Q

What do you call the idea that the job of a colony is to make the mother country rich?

A

Mercantilism

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15
Q

Who is Spain?

A

A country in Europe that is Catholic. Spain was created in the 1400s when the King of one country married the Queen of another country.

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16
Q

What did Spain do when it was created?

A

It began what is called “the Reconquista”.

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17
Q

What is The Reconquista?

A

When the Spanish kicked out Jews and Muslims out of Spain because they weren’t Catholic. The Reconquista was finished the same year Columbus went to the Americas in 1492

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18
Q

Who is France?

A

A country in Europe that is Catholic. Unlike Spain, France has been around for a long time. France is also Catholic, and is controlled by a King in an absolute Monarchy.

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19
Q

What is an absolute monarchy?

A

This is a dictatorship. What the King says is law. You upset the King here, and they will kill you

20
Q

Who is England?

A

A country in Europe that has been around for a long time and is no longer Catholic. They stopped being Catholic because the Pope, who is leader of the Catholics, didnt want to give King Henry a divorce. So King Henry started his own religion, called the Church of England.

21
Q

Who controls England?

A

England has a government called a constitutional monarchy. They have a King, and they have a Parliament. Both the King and Parliament share power.

22
Q

What is English Parliament?

A

Rich white males in England got to choose who represented them in government. All the representatives that were chosen would go to a building called Parliament

23
Q

Who are the Dutch?

A

They are from a country called The Netherlands. They are Protestant Christians, much like the people in England.

24
Q

What is the difference between a Protestant and a Catholic?

A

Protestants believe in Jesus Christ, just like Catholics, but they don’t think that the Catholic Pope should be listened to.

25
Q

How can I remember what a protestant is?

A

Protestants PROTEST the power of the Pope. To protest is to not agree with something. Like y’all like to protest a lot about the dress code.

26
Q

What is an indigenous person?

A

A Native American. Someone who was here before Europeans started colonizing in 1492

27
Q

What is the Columbian exchange?

A

The transfer of plants and animals from Afro-Eurasia to the Americas

28
Q

What is afro-Eurasia?

A

The word we used to describe the combined land of Africa, Europe, and Asia.

29
Q

How many indigenous people were enslaved by the Europeans, all the way until the late 1800s?

A

2.5 - 5 million

30
Q

What reason did Europeans give for colonizing indigenous people?

A

Europeans said they were smarter than indigenous people.

Europeans said that their culture was better than indigenous culture, and did not let the indigenous practice their own culture

31
Q

What happened in 1607?

A

Jamestown was founded by the British

32
Q

Who paid for the people of Jamestown to go and colonize?

A

The Virginia Company

33
Q

What type of company was the Virginia Company?

A

A joint-stock company.

This meant that several people owned a piece of the company, instead of just one person.

34
Q

What raw material was the Virginia Company looking to find in Jamestown?

A

Gold

35
Q

What was the name of the Indigenous group that the people of Jamestown stole land from?

A

The stole land from the Powhatan Confederacy

36
Q

What was the Virginia House of Burgesses?

A

a building where representatives from Jamestown met to vote on laws and stuff

37
Q

What type of people had the power in the Virginia House of Burgesses?

A

$$$$ Wealthy landowners

38
Q

Who was responsible for shifting the economic focus of Jamestown to tobacco?

A

John Rolfe

39
Q

What is an example of a cash crop?

A

Tobacco because you can sell it for a lot of money

40
Q

Why did the Pilgrims and Puritans come to America?

A

Because they were being attacked and persecuted for their religious beliefs

41
Q

What is a push factor?

A

Something that pushes you away.

Like the dress code at school pushes you away from wanting to go to school

42
Q

What is a pull factor?

A

Something that pulls you in. Like having early release Fridays and brain breaks at school makes school slightly more fun

43
Q

What does economic opportunity have to do with Jamestown?

A

The people who settled Jamestown were chasing economic opportunity. Like the opportunity to find gold and get rich.

44
Q

What two things did the Mayflower compact signers agree to?

A

To stay loyal to the King and to keep being Christians

45
Q

Who did the Pilgrims and Puritans steal land from when they settled in Plymouth?

A

The stole land from the Wampanoag Confederacy

KIPP 8th Grade US History (6 decks)

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