Unit 1 Medications Flashcards
What does a thiazide diuretic do?
it blocks Na+ reabsorption in the distal tube where only 5-10% of Na+ is absorbed
Indication for thiazide diuretics Hydrochlorothiazide & Chlorothiazide?
mild to moderate fluid volume excess
What are the side effects of thiazide diuretics?
dizziness, vertigo, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, polyuria, hyponatremia, hypokalemia
What are the nursing considerations for thiazide diurectics?
take w/ food, take in AM, daily weights, assess K+ level, monitor BP, P, I&Os
Whats the difference between Hydrochlorothiazide & Chlorothiazide?
Administration
Hydrochlorothiazide is administer as PO (2hr onset)
Chlorothiazide can be administered as PO(2hr onset) or IV(15min onset)
What does postassium sparing diuretic do?
blocks the effect of aldosterone on renal tubules, causing loss of Na+ & retention of K+
What is the potassium sparing diuretic?
spironolactone
Indication of Spironolactone
counteracts K+ loss by other diuretics
used with other diuretics to treat edema
What should I know about administration of spironolactone?
that it is taken PO, onset is unknown, & peak is 2-3 days
What are the side effects of Spirnolactone?
dizziness, vertigo, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, polyuria, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
What are the nursing considerations for Spironolactone?
take w/ food, take in AM, daily weights, assess K+ level, monitor BP, P, I&Os, avoid K+ containing foods/substitutes
What are loop diuretics used for?
severe FVE
edema related to HF or renal failure
HTN
What are the loop diuretics?
furosemide
bumetanide
How do loop diuretics work?
they block Na+ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle where 20-30% of Na is reabsorbed
Compare the administration of Furosemide to the administration of Bumetanide.
Furosemide: PO diuresis in 30min, IV give over 1-2min for diuresis in 5-10min, IM diuresis in 10min
Bumetanide: PO diuresis in 30min, IV give over 1-2min for diuresis in 5-10min, IM diuresis in 30min
