Unit 1: Matter, Trends and Bonding

Question 1

What is a physical property

Answer 1

A property that can be measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance

Question 2

What is a chemical property

Answer 2

How a substance chemicaly reacts with other substances

Question 3

What is a qualitative property

Answer 3

An odservation that describes a characteristic of a substance using written descriptive terms only

Question 4

What is a quantitative observation

Answer 4

An observation that describes a characteristic of a substance using measurements or calculations

Question 5

What is an isotope

Answer 5

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 6

What is a radioisotope

Answer 6

an isotope with an unstable nucleus due to not enough neutrons or too many neutrons

Question 7

What is isotope abundance

Answer 7

the average amount of a given isotope of an element that exists in nature

Question 8

What is an ion

Answer 8

atoms that gain or lose electrons to become stable

Question 9

What is a cation

Answer 9

a positively charged ion

Question 10

What is an anion

Answer 10

A negative negatively charged ion

Question 11

What is an ionic compound

Answer 11

metals and nonmetals transfer electrons to create stable ions because of opposite charges

Question 12

What is a polar compound

Answer 12

you can put a line through the element and have a positive and a negative side

Question 13

What is a non-polar compound

Answer 13

there’s symmetry and the negative and the positive side cancel

Question 14

What is a polar bond

Answer 14

unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms creating positive charges with an Alexa tro negativity difference of 0.6 to 1.6

Question 15

What is a non-polar Bond

Answer 15

relatively equal sharing of electrons between two atoms has an electronegativity difference of 0 to 0.5

Question 16

What is an ionic bond

Answer 16

with a electronegativity difference of 1.7 and higher

Question 17

what is the atomic

Answer 17

the distance from the center to its boundary where the electrons travel the radius gets larger down and to the right of the periodic table

Question 18

what is ionization energy

Answer 18

the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom removing one electron increases to the right and decreases down the periodic

Question 19

What is electron affinity

Answer 19

the amount of energy released or absorbed when an atom gains an electron increases across an decreases down

Question 20

What is electronegativity

Answer 20

an atom’s ability to attract a pair of electrons in a chemical bond between two Adams increases across a. And decreases down

Question 21

what is an ionic Force

Answer 21

full charge attraction between cations and and anions

Question 22

what is hydrogen bonding

Answer 22

strong partial charge attraction between two polar molecules containing h f h o and h n

Question 23

what is dipole dipole forces

Answer 23

parcel charge attraction between opposite ends of two polar molecules

Question 24

what is London dispersion forces

Answer 24

attraction force between the positive nuclei of atoms in one molecule and and the electrons in a neighboring molecule the larger the molecule the greater the attraction