Unit 1 Key Principles Flashcards
What are 2 things the body needs to do to maintain homeostasis?
- maintain or change the amount of substances in specific compartments
- move substances INTO and OUT of specific compartments
What are the 2 types of MASS
- concentration of a substance
2. volume of a substance
What is the concentration of a substance
A mass that is part of the contents in a compartment
What is the volume of a substance
A mass that is all of the contents in a compartment
3 types of compartments?
Full enclosed, One end open, section
Example of a fully enclosed compartment
Circulatory system
Example of a one end open compartment
Lung airways as a whole, tubule of a nephron in kidney
Example of a section compartment
Section of circulatory system such as arteries, the stomach a section of the digestive tract
3 types of energy (gradients)?
- (Physical) Pressure Energy
- Concentration Energy
- Electrical Energy
4 types of flow?
- Convective flow
- Diffusive flow
- Active Transport flow
- Metabolic Flow
What is Convective flow?
- Determined by a physical pressure gradient and a conductance
- Substance is moving in the same direction
What is Passive flow?
- Determined by a concentration/electrical gradient AND a conduction
- Not all substances are moving in the same direction
What is Facilitated Diffusive flow?
- Determined by a concentration/electrical gradient BY a conductance
- Requires a protein in a membrane
What is Active Transport flow?
- Required energy from ATP hydrolysis to move a substance molecule across a membrane so that the net flow is against the concentration /electrical gradient
- Determined by concentration on the ‘upstream’ side of a membrane where it is actively transported to the ‘downside stream
What is Metabolic flow?
-An enzymatic reaction, substrate is converted to product
