Unit 1: Introduction to Scientific Inquiry

Question 1

What are the steps of the Scientific Method, in order?

Answer 1

Problem, gather info

Hypothesis

Experiment (Procedure)

Analyze data

Conclusion

if hypothesis was incorrect, revise and try again

Question 2

How to identify if an article is scientific or not… (4 criteria)

Answer 2

source is reputable (scientific journal)

detailed methods (clear procedures)

any financial support didn’t bias

results are based on previous scientific research

Question 3

Define ‘observation’.

Answer 3

using five senses to gather info

facts

Question 4

Define ‘inference’. What are they based on?

Answer 4

logical interpretation based on prior knowledge/experience

based on observations

Question 5

Define ‘hypothesis’.

Answer 5

risky prediction regarding outcome of experiment

Question 6

What is in a lab report’s hypothesis?

Answer 6

if/then statement with reasoning

Question 7

What is stated in a lab report’s procedure?

Answer 7

dependent, independent, and control variables, treatments

Question 8

What is in a lab report’s conclusion?

Answer 8

state relationship that lab established (positive, negative, none), refer back to hypothesis (correct/incorrect)

Question 9

What are the three parts of a lab report’s discussion?

Answer 9

Part 1: Justification of conclusion w/ graphs to support, restate conclusion

Part 2: Scientific explanation of why results occurred

Part 3: Experimental error and how it affected outcome

Question 10

When should you use a bar graph?

Answer 10

to show numerical values grouped in categories

Question 11

When should you use a histogram?

Answer 11

to show results of continuous data (e.g. time)

Question 12

When should you use a pie chart?

Answer 12

to show percents of a whole

Question 13

When should you use a line graph?

Answer 13

to show a relation between two variables

Question 14

What is experimental design?

Answer 14

A procedure that identifies indep., dep., and control variables. There is an explanation of how these variables are measured to ensure a relationship is established

Question 15

What is a controlled study?

Answer 15

Usually used for diseases, compares subjects with the disease (cases) to subjects without it (controls)

Question 16

What is an observational study?

Answer 16

Answers a question by gathering scientific info, observes something without interfering with it

Question 17

Difference between qualitative and quantitative observations?

Answer 17

Qualitative cannot be given a numerical value (e.g. colour), quantitative can (e.g. density or hardness from 1-10)

Question 18

What is a prediction?

Answer 18

A statement of what will happen

Question 19

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 19

Compressed gas

Question 20

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 20

Flammable and combustible material

Question 21

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 21

Oxidizing material

Question 22

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 22

Poisonous and infectious material causing immediate and serious toxic effects

Question 23

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 23

Poisonous and infectious material causing other toxic effects

Question 24

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 24

Biohazardous and infectious material

Question 25

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 25

Corrosive material

Question 26

Identify this WHMIS symbol.

Answer 26

Dangerously reactive material