Unit #1: Introduction to Professional Practice Flashcards
What is NURSING?
- __(1)__ and __(2)__ care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, and in all settings
- includes the __(3)__ of health, __(4)__ of illness, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people
(1) = autonomous
(2) = collaborative
(3) = promotion
(4) = prevention
Other key nursing roles include…
- advocacy
- promotion of a safe environment
- research
- participation in shaping the management of health policy, in-patient, and health systems
- education
What are some areas of nursing practice?
- Hospital
- Oncology
- Palliative & Hospice Care
- Gerontology
- Street Nursing
- Telehealth
- Nursing Informatics
- Rural & Remote Nursing
- Occupational Health Nursing
- Correctional Nursing
- Parish Nursing
- Community Health
- Communicable Disease Control
- Indigenous Nursing
- Educational Institutions
- Nurse Clinicians
- Nurse Researcher
- Nurse Practitioner
. . . a n d m o r e . . .
- health care leaders who contribute to a health population
- work alone OR in a collaborative team in various areas of practice and settings
Registered Nurses (RNs)
What do Nurses do?
- coordinate health care
- deliver direct services and support clients in their self-care decisions and actions in situations of __(1)__, __(2)__, __(3)__, and __(4)__ in __(5)__ stages of life
(1) = health
(2) = illness
(3) = injury
(4) = disability
(5) = all
N U R S E S . . .
- act as an __(1)__ for patients accessing healthcare services
- provide __(2)__ and __(3)__
- assist with identifying healthcare __(4)__
- source of __(5)__
- __(6)__ client autonomy and decision making
- promote health priorities/needs as __(7)__ decides
- __(8)__ patient/client advocacy
- __(9)__ the use of healthcare resources (community, outpatient, in-patient)
(1) = entry point
(2) = care
(3) = treatment
(4) = resources
(5) = information
(6) = promote
(7) = patient/client
(8) = promote
(9) = encourage
- Social Detriments of Health (SDoH)
- aging population
- chronic disease (chronicity)
- stress and mental health
- poverty and homelessness
- family patterns
- where we live and work
- new Canadians
- First Nations, Inuit, and Metis people
- disease patterns
- healthcare systems
- nursing workforce
- the environment
- disaster planning (pandemic)
Current CONTEXTS for Canadian Nursing
- Marie Rollet Hebert
- Jeanne Mance
- Marguerite d’Youville
- Florence Nightengale
Early Influences of Nursing Leaders
Modern Nursing History - War Nursing
- saw a shift from religious order to a profession of __(1)__ and __(2)__
(1) = skill
(2) = bravery
____________ brought about…
- a shift to de-professionalization, emphasized through the conditions within many hospital-based training schools
- a return to conservative values of home and family (women should simply marry and have children)
Post-War Societal Pressures
After WWII, nursing was more or less viewed as an extension of the __________ = maternal and nurturing
female societal role
Significant policy change in 1967 allowed __(1)__ to become __(2)__ in the Nursing Division.
(1) = male nurses
(2) = officers
Advancement of Men in Nursing:
- 1961: only __(1)__ out of the 170 schools accepted males
- men can now apply to __(2)__ nursing programs in Canada
- 2007: __(3)__ of nurses were men
- 2016: __(4)__ of nurses were men
- In Canada, as of 2017, 276,800 nurses were __(5)__, and 24,150 nurses were __(6)__
(1) = 25
(2) = all
(3) = 5% - 7%
(4) = 7.8%
(5) = women
(6) = men
Continuous Challenges for Canadian Nursing & Profession:
- __(1)__ views of women
- images of nursing as a __(2)__ profession
- stereotypes of __(3)__ in nursing
- scope of practice
. . . a n d m o r e . . .
(1) = sexualized
(2) = feminized
(3) = men
- an idea or notion representative of some aspect of human/personal experience
- building blocks of theory
- influenced by CONTEXT
ex. if _______ was “student”, then C O N T E X T may be “nursing student”, “RN student”, “NP student”, etc
Concept
- connections, links, or relationships within, between, or amongst concepts to explain, describe, or predict something
- a “cluster of CONCEPTS” that are connected
- can promote new understanding/discovery
ex. Patricia Benner: _______ from Novice to Expert; Jean Watson: _______ of Human Caring; Madeline Leininger: _______ of Transcultural Nursing
Theory
Healthcare Workers refer to individuals as __(1)__ in in-patient/hospital settings, and as a __(2)__ when the person is an out-patient/community member.
(1) = patient
(2) = client
What is the relationship of THEORY to NURSING?
there are 4 points
1. Practice
#2. Research
#3. Education
#4. Administration
__(1)__:
- a theory developed in the 1970’s and 1980’s
- account for the “whole” of an entity (the __(2)__), the component parts (the __(3)__), and the interactions between the parts and the whole
- view the individual as an __(4)__ in constant interaction with their own environment
- __(5)__ (outside the system) become one of the many forces to have an effect on the __(6)__ system
- helps nurses to recognize that __(7)__ in any one part of the system would result in __(8)__ in other parts and the system as a whole
(1) = Systems Theory
(2) = system
(3) = subsystem
(4) = open system
(5) = nurses
(6) = patient/client
(7) = intervention
(8) = reactions
used to describe a global framework or the way a professional discipline views the world
Metaparadigm
PRIMARY __(1)__ describe the KEY __(2)__
(1) = CONCEPTS
(2) = COMPONENTS
What is the Metaparadigm of Nursing?
1. Nurse
#2. Person
#3. Health
#4. Envitronment
NURSE — PERSON — HEALTH — ENVIRONMENT
- these 4 concepts form the cornerstones of __(1)__ (central to the discipline of nursing)
- each concept has a definition, and can __(2)__ the other concepts
- concepts are __(3)__ and __(4)__
(1) = nursing theories
(2) = influence
(3) = interrelated
(4) = connected
differ from one another based on how the metaparadigm concepts are contextualized
(it’s what we add to them that make them different - each has its strengths and limitations)
Nursing Theories
