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DDS Lec > Unit 1 Introduction to Drugs and Pharmacy > Flashcards

Unit 1 Introduction to Drugs and Pharmacy Flashcards

1
Q

What is a drug?

A
  1. Article recognized in the official Pharmacopoeia and Formularies
  2. Article intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans or animals
  3. Article other than food intended to affect the structure or any function of the human body or animals
  4. Article intended for use as a component of any articles specified in clauses not including devices or their components, parts, or accessories
  5. Herbal and/or traditional drugs which are articles of plant or animal origin used in folk medicine
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2
Q

Sources of drugs

A
  1. PLANT SOURCES
  2. AS BY-PRODUCTS OF MICROBIAL GROWTH
  3. CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
  4. MOLECULAR MODIFICATION
  5. BIOTECHNOLOGY
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3
Q

Digoxin

A

Digitalis lanata

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4
Q

Camphor

A

Cinnamomum camphora

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5
Q

Penicillin

A

Penicillium chrysogenum

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6
Q

Gentamicin

A

Micromonospora purpurea

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7
Q

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS

A

Cyclophosphamide

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8
Q

MOLECULAR MODIFICATION

A

Cephalosporins

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9
Q

BIOTECHNOLOGY

A

Epoetin alfa

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10
Q

What is a Dosage Form?

A
  1. The physical form, in which a drug is produced, manufactured and dispensed to a patient.
  2. The physical form of a dose of a chemical compound used as a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption by a patient.
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11
Q

Common Dosage Form

A

SYRUPS
CAPSULES
TABLETS
SUPPOSITORIES

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12
Q

Camphor Therapeutic Use

A

rubefacient

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13
Q

Cyclophosphamide Therapeutic Use

A

Antineoplastic

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14
Q

Epoetin alfa indication

A

Treatment for anemia

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15
Q

Stimulate the cardiac muscle.

A

Digoxin

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16
Q

Stimulate the CNS

A

alfetamine

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17
Q

Stimulate the Gastrointestinal Tract

A

metoclopramide
domperidone
bisacodyl
(Prokinetics)

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18
Q

Reduce cardiac output

A

propranolol
atenolol
(Beta-blockers)

19
Q

CNS Depressant

A

amobarbital
butabarbital
phenobarbital
(barbiturate)

diazepam
lorazepam
Clonazepam
(benzodiazepines)

20
Q

Relax GIT smooth muscles

A

loperamide
diphenoxylate
(antidiarrheals)

21
Q

Can cause mydriasis

A

Atropine from Atropa belladonna

21
Q

Can cause miosis

A

pilocarpine

22
Q

Can render the blood more coagulable

A

Vitamin K
Clotting factors # 8 and 9

23
Q

Can render the blood less coagulable

A

heparin
warfarin

24
Q

Reduce serum cholesterol

A

atorvastatin
fluvastatin

25
Q

Increase the flow of urine

A

Thiazide diuretics

26
Q

decrease the flow of urine

A

vasopressin

27
Q

Reduce pain

A

Aspirin
celecoxib
(NSAIDs)

28
Q

Reduce Fever

A

Paracetamol

29
Q

Reduce gastric acidity

A

Magnesium Hydroxide
Aluminum Hydroxide
(Antacids)

30
Q

Reduce motion sickness

A

meclizine
(Antiemetics)

31
Q

Reduce blood pressure

A

Beta blocker
Calcium channel blocker
ACE inhibitor
Diuretics

32
Q

Combat infectious disease

A

Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Tetracycline
Aminoglycosides
(Antibiotics)

33
Q

Destroy intestinal worms

A

albendazole
mebendazole
(Antihelminthics)

34
Q

Copper toxicity

A

penicillamine

35
Q

Lead poisoning

A

EDTA
dimercaprol

36
Q

isoniazid poisoning

A

Pyridoxine
Vitamin B6

37
Q

Assist in smoking cessation

A

Nicotine patch

38
Q

Assist in alcohol withdrawal

A

Disulfiram

39
Q

Treatment of cancer

A

Methotrexate
Fluorouracil

40
Q

Treatment of asthma

A

albuterol
Salmeterol
(Bronchodilators)

41
Q

Protect against the rejection of transplanted tissues and organs

A

prednisone
(Corticosteroids)

42
Q

Reduce the incidence of measles and mumps

A

Vaccines

43
Q

Used in diagnosis

A

Radiopharmaceuticals

DDS Lec (2 decks)

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