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CHEM 110 > Unit 1 - Introduction to Bonding > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Introduction to Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

How many bonds can carbon make?

A

4 covalent bonds

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2
Q

How many electrons does carbon have?

A

6 - electrons

2,4

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3
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

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4
Q

What type of electronegativity does carbon have? (range)

A

mid-range electronegativity

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5
Q

What is the meaning of electronegativity?

A

Electronegativity is a measure of how strongly an atom attracts a bonding pair of electrons

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6
Q

What type of bonds can carbon form?

A

Polar and non-polar bonds, depending on what it is bonded to

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7
Q

What can carbon bond to?

A
  • to itself
  • to metals
  • to heteroatoms (atoms other than C or H)
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8
Q

What type of carbon bonds are strong and unreactive?

A

C-C and C-H bonds

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9
Q

How many bonds can nitrogen make when uncharged (and lone pairs)

A

3 covalent bonds and 1 lone pair

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9
Q

How many bonds can nitrogen make when uncharged (and lone pairs)

A

3 covalent bonds and 1 lone pair

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10
Q

True or False: The lone pair is non-bonding in Nitrogen

A

True

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11
Q

True or False - Nitrogen is less electronegative than carbon

A

False - Nitrogen is more electronegative than carbon

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12
Q

How many bonds can oxygen make when uncharged? (and lone pairs)

A

2 covalent bonds and 2 lone pairs

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13
Q

Oxygen lone pairs?

A

Oxygen’s 2 lone pairs are less available for reaction, meaning they hold onto electrons more tightly

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14
Q

Oxygen electronegativity?

A

More electronegative than nitrogen

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15
Q

What are the halogens?

A

Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine

16
Q

How many bonds does fluorine make? (and lone pairs)

A

1 covalent bond and 3 lone pairs

17
Q

Electronegativity for fluorine?

A

Very electronegative

18
Q

Fluorine lone pairs?

A

Lone pairs are not available for reaction

19
Q

How many bonds does hydrogen form?

A

Forms 1 covalent bond

20
Q

Hydrogen electronegativity?

A

Less electronegative than carbon

21
Q

What are functional groups? + example

A

A functional group is a recognizable arrangement of atoms that is characteristic of a class of molecules. Compounds containing the same functional group can be expected to display similar activity.

An example of this is C-OH meaning it is an alcohol

22
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols

A

ROH

23
Q

bonds in the plane of the paper

A

look like a straight line

24
Q

bonds coming towards you

A

looks like a sideways triangle filled in

25
Q

bonds going away from you

A

sideways triangle but dashed

CHEM 110 (1 decks)

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