Unit 1: Introduction to Biology

Question 1

The latin root “Bio” and “Logy” combined literally means what?

Answer 1

Study of Life

Question 2

What are the 7 properties of life?

Answer 2

Order, Response to Stimuli, Reproduction, Adaptation, Growth, Homeostasis, Energy Processing or Metabolism

Question 3

What is order/organization?

Answer 3

Organisms are organized into either unicellular or multicellular life forms

Question 4

What is response to stimuli?

Answer 4

Mechanism of responding to an environment. Ex: Plant bending towards light

Question 5

What is reproduction?

Answer 5

Creating new life

Question 6

What is adaptation and is it constant?

Answer 6

Changing genetic materials to survive changes in an environment. These are not constant since environments are always changing.

Question 7

What is growth?

Answer 7

Organisms grow and develop according to specific instructions coded by their genes

Question 8

What is homeostasis?

Answer 8

The relatively stable internal environment required to maintain life.

Question 9

What is energy processing/metabolism

Answer 9

All organisms use a course of energy for metabolic activities which is what builds and destroys biological material

Question 10

What are the levels of organization in order from smallest to largest?

Answer 10

Atom, Molecule, Organelles, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Ecosystem, and Biosphere

Question 11

What is an atom?

Answer 11

Smallest and most fundamental unit of matter that retains properties of an element

Question 12

What is a molecule?

Answer 12

A chemical structure consisting of at least 2 atoms held together by a chemical bond

Question 13

What is an organelle?

Answer 13

Small structures in cells that preform specific tasks

Question 14

What is a cell?

Answer 14

The smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms.

Question 15

What are tissues?

Answer 15

Groups of similar cells carrying out the same function

Question 16

What are organs?

Answer 16

Collections of tissues grouped together based on a common funciton

Question 17

What is an organ system?

Answer 17

A higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organisms

Question 18

What is an organism?

Answer 18

Individual living entities

Question 19

What is a population?

Answer 19

All individuals of a species in a specific area

Question 20

What is a population?

Answer 20

All individuals of a species in a specific area

Question 21

What is a community?

Answer 21

Set of populations inhabiting an area

Question 22

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 22

Consists of all living things in an area

Question 23

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 23

Consists of all living and non living things in an area

Question 24

What is a biosphere?

Answer 24

A collection of all ecosystems

Question 25

What is the source of diversity?

Answer 25

Evolution

Question 26

Who proposed organizing species into hierarchal taxonomy and who proposed the bionomial naming system?

Answer 26

Carl Linnaeus

Question 27

What are the hierarchal taxonomies from low to high?

Answer 27

Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain

Question 28

What are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 28

Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria

Question 29

What is a Eukarya?

Answer 29

Organisms that have cells with nuclei

Question 30

What is an Archaea?

Answer 30

Single-celled organisms without nuclei

Question 31

What is a bacteria and what claims this as its origin?

Answer 31

Single-celled without nuclei and is the origin of Archaea

Question 32

What is the phylogenetic tree?

Answer 32

A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic/physical traits

Question 33

What are the 5 kingdoms of life?

Answer 33

Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, and Bacteria

Question 34

What is molecular biology?

Answer 34

Studies biological processes at a molecular level. Things like molecule interactions and proteins and their regulation

Question 35

What is microbiology?

Answer 35

Study of the structure and function of microrganisms

Question 36

What is nuerobiology?

Answer 36

Studies the biology of the nervous system

Question 37

What is paleontology?

Answer 37

Uses fossils to study life's history

Question 38

What is zoology?

Answer 38

Study of animals and plants

Question 39

What is Bioethics?

Answer 39

A field in which researchers collaborate with other thinkers and organizations to define guidelines for current and future practices