Unit 1 - Intermolecular Bonding

Question 1

dipole

Answer 1

when the electrons in atoms move around randomly, causing dipoles in other atoms meaning a brief attraction occurs and then breaks as the electrons continue to move
the more electrons, the bigger the dipole

Question 2

london dispersion forces

Answer 2

in non-polar molecules

dipoles caused by uneven distribution of electrons

Question 3

permanent dipole to permanent dipole

Answer 3

in polar molecules

attractions between oppositely charged ends of molecules

Question 4

hydrogen bonding

Answer 4

in polar molecules
hydrogen directly bonded to N,O,F meaning hydrogen’s only electron is so far from its nucleus that its proton is effectively on its own, causing a stronger attraction between the proton and another electronegative atom

Question 5

relative strength of bonding in increasing order

Answer 5

LDF - 1
p.d. to p.d. - 2
hydrogen bonding - 10
covalent bond - 100