Unit 1: Imperialism and World War 1 Study Guide FHS Flashcards
William McKinley
25th president responsible for Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii, imperialism. Is assassinated by an anarchist
Thedore Roosevelt
26th president of the United States, he focused his efforts on on trust busting, environmental conservation, and strong foreign policy
William Howard Taft
27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term.
Woodrow Wilson
28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women’s suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize
Zimmerman Telegram
A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S.
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
A policy that the Germans announced on January 1917 which stated that their submarines would sink any ship in the British waters
Roosevelt Corollary
Roosevelt’s 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force
Yellow Journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Teller Amendment
Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war
Teller Amendment
Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war
War of Attrition
A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses
Liberty Bonds
Where people bought bonds so the government could get that money now for war. The bonds increased in interest over time.
League of Nations
an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations
Big Stick Policy
Roosevelt’s philosophy - In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen
Platt Amendment
Legislation that severely restricted Cuba’s sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble
International Darwinism
Darwin’s concept of the survival of the fittest was applied not only to competition in the business world but also to competition among nations. Therefore, in the international arena, the US had to demonstrate its strength by acquiring territories overseas, a sort of continuing of the manifest destiny
Stalemate
A situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible
Dollor Diplomacy
an attempt by the US to further its aims in latin America and east asia by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries
Treaty of Paris
agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent country
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
The U.S. had a duty to promote democracy in Latin nations in order to prevent war and revolution.
Fourteen Points
A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I.
Sedition Acts
These laws were used to prohibit dissent against the US during WWI as well as any source of criticism or action against the US government, flag, military, taxes, or officials.
Monroe Doctrine
a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.
Why was the Sinking of the Maine a turning point in U.S intervention?
When the USS Maine sank, the United States believed the tragedy was the result of Spanish sabotage and declared war on Spain. (Spanish American War)
What was the role of propaganda in shaping public opinion?
It aimed to shape perceptions and influence public opinion, both use mass media, and both are directed at specific audiences. The end result for both is to get people to take some sort of action.
What was the role that African Americans and women played in the Civil War?
Women provided uniforms, blankets, sandbags and other supplies for entire regiments and African Americans served in artillery and infantry and performed all noncombat support functions that sustain an army.
How did U.S. involvement in WWI represent a change from previous U.S. policy?
World War I led the United States to retreat from global affairs and engage in isolationist policies to help foster internal growth and development—with decidedly mixed results.
