Unit 1: Hypertension And Hypersensitivity Flashcards
What are sources of patient information?
Chief complaint, history of present illness, past medical history,past surgical history, social history, family history, medical history, allergies/intolerances, immunization history
Describe the purpose of a SOAP note.
SOAP notes are important because they are a part of the collecting process of the patient care process.
List the sections of a soap note.
Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan
Define subjective information
Subjection information is information provided to you by the patient during an encounter
Examples: chief complaints or reason for the visits, HPI (history of present illness)
Define objective information
Objective information is the physical findings and measurable/confirmable data relevant to the encounter
Example: medications, vitals, PE, labs, EHR data
Subjective or objective?
A blood pressure reading of 143/78 taken by the nurse in clinic.
Objective
Subjective or objective?
Glucose of 101 reported in the clinic.
Objective
Subjective or objective?
Patient medication list in patient handwriting.
Subjective
Subjective or objective?
Home BP readings in the patients BP log averaging around 130/80.
What is they bring in the monitor and the nurse can check the history on it?
Subjective
Objective
What is the proper technique for blood pressure measurement?
First- make sure the patient is in a seated position with their legs uncrossed and their arm is resting on a table or in a comfortable position.
Secondly- palpate the brachial artery and place the correct size cuff on the patient’s arm. (If the cuff is incorrect, replace with the correct size)
Finally- ask the patient what their normal BP is and inflate the cuff to about 20mmHg above their reported BP. Place the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the brachial artery. Listen for the beginning sounds and the ending sounds.
What essential components of a blood pressure measurement should be accurately reported?
In addition to the actual BP values and units:
The arm used for the measurement, the position of the patient, the cuff sized used,
What type of hypertension is has a definite cause for elevated BP, but the specific cause is not known?
Primary hypertension
What type of hypertension is caused by another medical condition?
Secondary hypertension
What is the classification for a BP that is <120mmHg systolic AND <80mmHg diastolic?
Normal BP
What is the classification for BP that is 120-129mmHg systolic AND <80mmHg diastolic ?
Elevated BP
What is the BP classification for 130-139mmHg systolic OR 80-89mmHg diastolic ?
Stage 1 hypertension
What is the BP classification of a BP that is >140mmHg systolic OR >90mmHg diastolic?
Stage 2 hypertension
What are some risk factors that can elevate BP?
What are some risk factors that are modifiable?
Family history, age, gender, race, chronic kidney disease
Lack of physical activity, an unhealthy diet, especially one high in sodium, being overweight or obese, sleep apnea, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking and tobacco use, stress
What is masked hypertension?
Elevated blood pressure occurs outside of a medical environment (LVMI, smokers, drinkers, diabetics, hypertensive patients)
What is white coat hypertension?
Elevated blood pressure only occurs in a medical environment
What is the blood pressure goal for adult patients that are being treated for hypertension?
130/80mmHg
What is an adverse drug event?
An injury resulting from medical intervention related to a drug including medication errors, adverse drug reactions (ADR), allergic reactions, and overdoses
What is an ADR?
Undesirable effect of a medication caused by appropriate use of drug
All AD—s are AD—s but not all AD—s are AD—s
All ADRs are ADEs but not all ADEs are ADRs
What are some symptoms associated with hypotension?
Dizziness or lightheaded ness, fainting (syncope), blurred vision, nausea, fatigue, lack of concentration
What BP thresholds classify hypotension?
<90mmHg systolic OR <60mmHg diastolic
How is hypertension diagnosed?
An average of 2 or more BP measurements are above the elevated threshold classification on more than one day.