Unit 1: Human Lifespan Development Flashcards
What changes occur to the cardiovascular with ageing?
Heart increases in size and the wall thickens making it difficult for muscle to relax and fill with blood.
Artery walls narrow due to fats clogging them.
Pacemaker cells decrease.
Valves thicken and stiffen.
What health factors may affect cardiovascular health?
Genetic inheritance Obesity High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Diabetes
What lifestyle factors may affect cardiovascular health?
Smoking Alcohol Diet high in salt Diet high in saturated fats Lack of exercise
Negative effects of cardiovascular disease
Loss of independence Depression Anxiety about health Reduced mobility Frustration
Positive effects of cardiovascular disease
Closer relationships with family and friends
Improving lifestyle
What can cardiovascular disease and ageing cause?
Angina Hypertension (high blood pressure) heart murmurs Strokes Heart attack Heart failure
What is the degeneration of the nervous tissue?
It is the loss of neurons in the brain to decreases the ability to send and receive nerve impulses.
What are the effects of degeneration of nervous tissue?
Reaction time increase Reduction in reflex Difficulty receiving/processing info Decline in STM Decline in verbal capability Effects senses
Why may someone get Parkinson’s disease?
Caused due to the loss of neurons from brain structure that control movement.
What are the physical effects of Parkinson’s?
Tremor
Loss of mobility
What are the cognitive effects of Parkinson’s?
Depression
Anxiety
Impairment in thinking and problem solving
What is the degeneration of the sense organs?
The senses that help receive info from environment decrease in capability.
How does TASTE degenerate?
Number of taste buds decreases
Production of saliva decreases
Ability to smell decreases.
How does TOUCH degenerate?
Decrease of receptor cells
Reduced sensitivity to: temperature, injury, touch.
Increased sensitivity of skin to sun.
How does SIGHT degenerate?
Vision becomes less sharp
cloudiness of vision
vitreous shrinks
How does HEARING degenerate?
fluid filled tubes become affected
cant hear high frequency sounds
distinguishing between sounds
What are the social and emotional effects of degeneration of sense organs?
reduced social opportunities low self-image anxiety depression isolation loss of independence difficulty taking part in leisure activities
What is osteoarthritis?
swelling and pain in joints
damage to soft tissue around joints
difficulty walking
difficulty climbing stairs
What increases the risk of osteoarthritis?
being female joint abnormality genetic inheritance injury to joints obesity being over 40 yo
What happens to the absorption of nutrients with aging?
Absorption of nutrients decreases.
Why do you absorb less nutrients with age?
reduced production of gastric hydrochloric acid - prevents breakdown of proteins
deterioration of the function of the digestive organs and lining
