Unit 1: Human Lifespan And Development Flashcards
What does Growth mean?
Physical changes that occur in the body
What does Development mean?
Intellectual, Emotional, and Social changes that happen in the body
What does Physical Development mean?
The physical changes that occur to us throughout our life e.g. gross motor skills and fine motor skills
What does Intellectual Development mean?
The intellectual changes that occur to us throughout our life e.g. learning to talk
What does Emotional Development mean?
The emotional changes that occur to us throughout our life e.g. puberty, and expected and unexpected life events
What does Social Development mean?
The social changes that occur to us throughout our life e.g. bullying and starting school
What does Gross Motor skills mean?
The big muscle movements in the body e.g. walking and crawling
What does Fine Motor skills means?
The small muscle movements in the body e.g. writing and pinching
What does Milestones mean?
A stage in development and growth that are specific to your age
What are Lifestages?
Ages that are classified into stages. There are 6 in total: infancy (0-2), Early Childhood (3-8), Adolescence (9-18), Early Adulthood (19-45), Middle Adulthood (46-65), and Later Adulthood (66+)
What are Primary Sexual Characteristics?
The sexual characteristics that happen during puberty, they effect the reproductive organs only.
What are Secondary Sexual Characteristics?
The sexual characteristics that happen during puberty, they effect the rest of the body only.
What does Menopause mean?
The stopping of your period
What does Peri-menopause mean?
The slowing down and stopping of your period
What was Piaget’s Conservation Theory?
The Theory of conservation.
Piaget stated that children below the age of 8 don’t understand conservation. He proved this in 3 experiments:
The 5 coin experiments. 2 rows of 5 coins are placed together, one row is placed further apart than the other. Children under 8 would say the longer row would have more money.
The playdoh experiment. 2 balls of playdoh is shown to the child. One is then squished. Children under 8 would say the squished one has more playdoh.
The water experiment. There are 2 thin glass with the same amount of water in it, one is poured in a fatter glass. Children under 8 would say the thinner glass has more water.
What was Piaget’s Schematic Theory?
Schematic Development Theory. A Schema is like a mind map of certain information in your brain.
It includes 4 stages!
Assimilation: Taking in new information
Equilibrium: Maintaining a balance between applying previous knowledge to the new knowledge
Disequilibrium: New information disturbs a original schema
Accommodation: Modifying a existing schema as a result of new information
What was Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development?
Piaget believed that there were four stages of intellectual development which mature or ‘unfold’ during the early stages of the lifespan.
This includes!
Sensorimotor: birth - two years. Learns the world via senses, lacks internal mental schemas, can’t remember anything before 18 months
Pre-operational: three years - seven years. Dominated by sensory information, can’t carry out logical operations, learn through pretend play
Concrete Operations: eight years - eleven years. Practical resources help understand world, less egocentric, struggle with abstract forms
Formal Operations: twelve years - eighteen years. Capacity for abstract thoughts, ideas are reasoned with consequences in mind, think about hypothetical problems
What is Abstract Logical Thinking?
The ability to problem solve using the imagination without having to use practical skills.
What is Concrete Logical Thinking?
The ability to solve problems, providing they see or physically handle the issues involved
What is Egocentric Thinking?
Not being able to see a situation from another point of view. Piaget believed that children thought other children thought, felt, and heard the same as others
What is the experiment for Egocentrism thinking?
The three mountain experiment.
There is a scene set out of three mountains with trees and animals around it. A child and a adult sit on opposite sides of the table and describe what they can see. They then swap places, and describe what they can see.
The child is then asked what the adult can see and they are unable to.
Who is Chomsky?
Chomsky is a cognitive scientist who
What did Chomsky look into?
He developed the theory of Language Acquisition Device (LAD) which outlines the principle of language into a child’s brain. He also says this language is inbuilt for us to learn.
He says that there primary care givers can also lead to them making mistakes as these mistakes can only be learnt passively.
Who is John Bowlby?
He is notable for his interests in child development and for his pioneering work in attachment theory
