Unit 1: Human cells: 1.3 Gene Expression

Question 1

What is the name for the genetic composition of a cell?

Answer 1

Cell genotype

Question 2

What is cell genotype determined by?

Answer 2

The cell genotype is determined by the sequence of DNA bases in its genes

Question 3

Are all of the genes found in a cell expressed?

Answer 3

No, only a fraction of genes in a cell are expressed

Question 4

What does gene expression involve?

Answer 4

Transcription and translation of DNA sequences

Question 5

What does the order of bases on DNA determine?

Answer 5

Sequence of amino acids

Question 6

How are sequences of amino acids joined together?

Answer 6

Sequences of amino acids are joined together in POLYPEPTIDE chains

Question 7

What does the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains determine?

Answer 7

Structure, shape and function of the protein produced

Question 8

What is the structure of RNA composed of?

Answer 8

Ribose sugar
Organic base
Phosphate group
Uracil (U) base replaces thymine (T) in DNA