Unit 1: History Of Nursing And Psych Nursing

Question 1

What kinds of things happened during pre-Christian nursing

Answer 1

Egyptians use superstitions, black magic, wars, and good diet. Greek is where the caduceus symbol comes from. Mental illness was rationally explained. Romes shifted focus to medicine, no magic in spirits, rationally based on observations, humor‘s, diet, exercise, hygiene. Dark ages disease was caused by sins, devil, witchcraft, plagues, crime, torture.

Question 2

What occurred with King Henry VIII and when

Answer 2

1500 A.D. in England, he disclaimed catholicism so hospitals emptied out, and prostitutes and prisoners acted as nurses.

Question 3

When and where did the hotel Dieu get built

Answer 3

France in 1650, focus with hygiene and Christianity. Jeanne Mance from France was involved in this

Question 4

Give some information about Florence nightingale, such as what time period she was involved in, and some of her significant contributions.

Answer 4

The mid-1800s, she worked at the Crimean war and introduced hygiene. Helped start a school of nursing which was modelled after in the USA. Researcher (statistical analysis). Emphasis on sanitation, patient care, and systematic training for nurses. Influenced public health policies and advocated for better living conditions for the poor, emphasizing importance of environmental factors

Question 5

Who is considered Canada’s first nurse and what was the situation

Answer 5

Marie Rollet Hebert, arrived in the early 1600s to Quebec with her husband who was a surgeon. She assisted her husband thereby becoming Canada‘s first nurse

Question 6

What religious order came to Canada in the mid-1800s

Answer 6

The Grey nuns in mid 1800s , with nursing schools popping up across Canada after 1875. Grey nuns came to western Canada first, these nuns play the crucial role in the early development of nursing with some of the first hospitals in nursing schools, providing care and training in the 17th and 18th centuries. Canadian missionary nursing around the world began in the 1880s

Question 7

How did World War II affect nursing care and medical techniques

Answer 7

It increased the need for nurses so more money was put into programs, as well as highlighting the need for organized professional nursing care and advancements in medical techniques and training

Question 8

What was the first hospital opened in Canada, by who, and when

Answer 8

The hotel-Dieu de Quebec opened in 1639 by an order of Augustinian nuns

Question 9

What is the first school of nursing that opened in Canada, when, where, who

Answer 9

Opened in Saint Catherine’s Ontario in 1874, Dr. Mac started this hospital utilizing the Nightingale system, nurses came from London to help start it

Question 10

When was the first mental asylum in Canada built and where

Answer 10

1835 in St. John New Brunswick, and 1841 in Toronto

Question 11

Give an overview of the evolution of nursing education in Canada

Answer 11

Began in the 19th century with informal training, learning through experience, nursing care provided by family members or religious orders. First nursing school in 1870 marked the beginning of formal nursing education. Late 19th to early 20th century standardize curricula and training programs were introduced, CNA formed in 1908 to promote nursing standards in education. Began transitioning from hospital-based programs to academic institutions with establishment of nursing programs and universities. Mid 20th century expanded training programs and enrolment in nursing schools, specialize nursing programs including psychiatric nursing. Late 20th century establishment of bachelor of science in nursing. 21st-century emphasis on evidence-based practice, increase in masters and doctoral programs

Question 12

How did ancient Greek and Roman civilizations influence health and nursing

Answer 12

Greek focus was on healing and medicine, symbol of caduceus, mental illness rationally explained, philosophical foundations, rational observation, public health systems, medical texts and education 

Question 13

Who is Dorothea Dix and what is she well known for

Answer 13

She is known for advocating for humane treatment of mental health patients and those in jail. 1845. Her research led to significant legislative changes in many states and the improvement and advocacy for the rights and dignity of individuals with mental health issues. Emphasize importance of proper training for nurses

Question 14

Who is Hildegard Peplau and what are her contributions to nursing

Answer 14

She’s regarded as the mother of psychiatric nursing, 1931 and on. Brought the idea of interpersonal relationship with patient in 1952, therapeutic care, holistic care, played a part in the mental health act of 1946

Question 15

In 1792, who stated that the insane are sick and deserve humane treatment, and ended chains and bloodletting in psychiatric settings

Answer 15

Dr. Phillipe Pinel

Question 16

How is Mary Snively in the late 19th century important to nursing

Answer 16

Lady superintendent of nurses at Toronto General Hospital and Director of the school of nursing, worked to improve nurse education in accommodations, build a curriculum, thereby greatly improving nursing school and program which then became very popular

Question 17

In 1932, what was the weir report and who is involved with this

Answer 17

I report that confirmed that conditions in nursing schools were sub par, Jean Gunn was involved in trying to improve conditions

Question 18

What role did the Quakers play in the early 1800s

Answer 18

Important in more humane practises

Question 19

What is the British North America act

Answer 19

1867, each province developed its own legislation to deal with mental illness

Question 20

What did Charles Clark do and when

Answer 20

Improve psychiatric facilities with nurse training and better treatment approaches in 1925

Question 21

What did Charles Barager do

Answer 21

In 1932 he began a training program for psychiatric nurses in attendance at Alberta hospital ponoka and secured a new diploma and mental health nursing

Question 22

What happened in the 1950s, and what did it lead to

Answer 22

De institutionalization began, and in 1980s the effects of this became apparent with gaps in supports, stigma, substance abuse, etc.

Question 23

Although the grey nuns were pivotal in building hospitals across Canada, in the late 1800s what did they do that was very harmful

Answer 23

Build the hospital in Southern Alberta reserve to deal with a tuberculosis outbreak in indigenous people, also built residential schools with assimilation as a goal

Question 24

Who was Mary Seacole and what was her contribution to nursing

Answer 24

She was a Jamaican woman who moved to Britain to nurse, tended to soldiers on the front lines during the Crimean war and set up the “British hotel” for them, had a holistic approach and faced racism but persevered anyway

Question 25

Describe the history of psychiatric hospitals and psychiatric nursing in Alberta

Answer 25

Alberta hospital Ponoka was the first psychiatric institution in Alberta in 1911, Alberta hospital Edmonton in 1923. School of nursing in Panoka started in 1930, ECT began in 1940, such a psychiatric nurses Association of Alberta formed in 1950 as well as the beginning of use of psychiatric medication‘s

Question 26

What year did the first university program for nursing begin in Canada and where, and when was the first masters degree and where

Answer 26

1919, with the first undergraduate degree in British Columbia. First masters degree in Ontario in 1959

Question 27

What was the first school in Canada to have a degree and masters in psychiatric nursing

Answer 27

Brandon University in Manitoba