Unit 1; Henry VII

Question 1

Henry VII
When was he king?
Topics to cover;

Answer 1

1485;1509
Securing the Dynasty
Nobility
Law and Order
Finance
Foreign Policy
Parliament

Question 2

Securing the Tudor Dynasty;

Answer 2

Won Battle of Bosworth defeating Richard 111; dated reign one day before- not treason
Married Elizabeth of York; King in own right as married her after 5 months of reign. United Lancaster and York
Had children; lucky to have a boy?

Question 3

Nobility

Answer 3

Curbed the power of the nobility through;
Sticks;
-Bonds; signed by Henry + Nobles; if broken fined, imprisoned, executed
-Act of Attainder; confiscation of land
Carrots;
-patronage; rewarding positions of power, titles, land; e.g Jasper Tudor
-Order of the Garter; honour of Henry’s closest servants; made 37
- Kings council; trusted members whom had daily access to King
-Great Council; called at times of need e.g; lambert Simnel

Henry alienated a lot of nobility and they didn’t like him
Used patronage a lot

Question 4

Foreign Policy

Answer 4

Scotland;
-1486- 3 year truce with James111
-1491- Truce of Ayton
-1505- Henry’s eldest daughter, Margaret, married JamesIV of Scotland
Italy;
-distracted from England due to war with France and their riches
Burgundy;
-trading partner
-Margaret of Burgundy was a Yorkist
Ireland;
Henry married Elizabeth of York which stopped Ireland being on Henry’s back despite supporting Lambert Simnel
Spain;
-1489; Medina del Campo; an agreement to marriage of Arthur and Cath of Aragon and not to aid Warbeck
- Spain only signed because they wanted to gain allies too evenly balance with France
Brittany;
1437; Henry didn’t want France to invade Britany, and took a calc’ gamble and calls parliament to get money to invade Brittany. As Charles VIII didn’t want a battle, Treaty of Etaples was signed in 1492 where France would keep Brittany, but an agreement not to shelter rebels and French pension (£5000 a year)
Lucky;
France and Spain were at each other’s throats
Lucky he had 4 children

Question 5

Money

Answer 5

• Avaricious and Rapacious
• Own royal accountant as he sent all cheques to his account and personally signed them as he trusted nobody; moved from Exchequer to Chamber; medieval method, criticism
• Empson and Dudley; tax collectors; weren’t popular with Public
• ordinary revenue; crown lands; got most money from it
• extraordinary revenue; loans, parliament grants

Question 6

Law and Order

Answer 6

Introduced JP’s
Desire for peace after Wars of the roses
Bonds and recognisances stopped over mighty subjects

Question 7

Parliament;

Answer 7

Met 7 times in his 24 years

Suggests it’s infrequent

Question 8

Threats to the Throne

Answer 8

Earl of Warwick; in the tower
John de la Pole; joined council
Politicially insecure; Usurper
Lambert Simnel; Earl of Warwick
Perkin Warbeck; Richard Duke of York
Margaret Burgundy
Battle of Stoke