Unit 1 flashcards

Question 1

Input

Answer 1

Information that is entered into a computer. Ex. pressing keys on a keyboard, clicking a mouse to select something.

Question 2

Output

Answer 2

Information that is processed and sent out from a computer. Ex. the screen displaying something or playing audios.

Question 3

Storage

Answer 3

Data that you put into a computer that is stored and saved.

Question 4

Processing

Answer 4

The “If/then” process. The part of the information processing cycle that processes the information you give it in ways such as searching, counting, and comparing data.

Question 5

CPU

Answer 5

Central Processing unit - “the brain”. executes all commands for the computer. If not on, nothing will work. measured by speed in Hertz (MHz, GHz)

Question 6

GPU

Answer 6

Graphics processing unit - accelerates graphics rendering. Does all the heavy lifting for a computer.

Question 7

Hard drive

Answer 7

“Long term memory” - The storage for all software’s (files, apps, programs, operating system.) Measured by Bytes.

Question 8

RAM

Answer 8

Random Access Memory - Temporary space for the CPU to work. Measured in Bytes

Question 9

Motherboard

Answer 9

“Nervous System” - The main circuit of a computer. All parts of a computer connect to it. It allows communication between other parts of the computer.

Question 10

Hardware

Answer 10

“hard” physical mechanical parts required for a computer to run what makes your computer powerful.

Question 11

Software

Answer 11

Instructions that allow hardware to perform different tasks “soft” - can be changed. makes the computer flexible.

Question 12

Bit

Answer 12

Capacitors on the motherboard that store energy. (electrical charge) either full (on) or empty off (off)
On=1 Off=0

Question 13

Byte

Answer 13

8 bits = 1 byte. A group of binary digits operating as a unit.

Question 14

How to convert decimal to binary

Answer 14

Using the perfect squares. You divide the decimal number you’re using by two repeatedly until you get to 0.

Question 15

How to convert binary to decimal

Answer 15

Using perfect squares. We multiply each digit of the binary number with its base (2), raised to the power based on its position in the binary number.

Question 16

Over flow vs rounding error

Answer 16

Overflow error : When the data type used is too small to hold the data, so it overflowed.
Rounding error : A computer inability to represent some numbers exactly.

Question 17

ASCII table

Answer 17

The blueprint all computers use to represent different text.

Question 18

Abstraction

Answer 18

Pulling away unecessary information/details

Question 19

Pixel

Answer 19

The basic unit of programmable color on a computer display or in a computer image

Question 20

Sampling frequency

Answer 20

The number of samples per second taken from a continuous signal to make a digital signal.

Question 21

Analog image

Answer 21

Image represented by continuous variation in tone, such as a photograph.

Question 22

Digital image

Answer 22

representation of a real image as a set of numbers that can be stored and handled by a digital computer.

Question 23

RLE

Answer 23

Run length encoding. Lossless data compression in which runs of data are stored as a single data value and count, rather than as the original run.

Question 24

Lossless compression

Answer 24

Compression that allows images to be restored to their original image after compression.

Question 25

Lossy compression

Answer 25

Compression that doesn’t allow images to be restored to their original image after compression. Better when compressing non formal things.

Question 26

intellectual property

Answer 26

Original creations that humans make/come up with.

Question 27

copyright

Answer 27

The exclusive legal right given to the originater of a creation.

Question 28

creative commons

Answer 28

An internationally active non-profit organisation that provides free licences for creators to use when making their work available to the public.