Unit 1 Exam Flashcards
Which organelle is most prominent, surrounded by the nuclear envelope, and genes [DNA].
nucleus
Which organelle directs the building of ribosomes and proteins?
nucleus
Which organelle produces rRNA and components of the ribosomes?
nucleolus
Which organelle is detoxifying?
smooth ER
Which organelle is part of the endomembrane system?
rough ER
Which organelle contains ribosomes and produces proteins that will be exported from the cell?
rough ER
Which organelle has ribosomes attached to it?
rough ER
Which organelle has NO ribosomes, produces phospholipids, and is involved in fatty acid & lipid metabolism?
smooth ER
Large amounts of which organelle are found in the liver, reproductive organs, and muscle tissue?
smooth ER
Which organelle makes free and attached proteins?
ribosomes
What kind of proteins stay in the cell?
free proteins
What kind of proteins export from the cell?
attached proteins
Which organelle processes, sorts, modifies, and packages proteins and produces lysosomes?
Golgi apparatus
Which organelle is involved in phagocytosis?
lysosomes
Which organelle is numerous in the WBCs?
lysosomes
Which organelle are composed of sacks of digestive enzymes that break down molecules, bacteria, and organelles?
lysosomes
Which organelle is important in apoptosis (the way cells die) and lysosomal storage of diseases?
lysosomes
Which organelle is the primary storage site for water, food, salt, pigment, and waste in plant cells?
plant cell vacuoles
Which organelle usually contain only ONE cell?
plant cell vacuoles
Which organelle is small and numerous in animal cells, is involved in storage?
animal cell vacuoles
Food vacuoles store _____.
food
Contractile vacuoles remove _____ _____ from cells.
excess water
Which organelle is the site for photosynthesis?
chloroplast
Which organelle is only found in plant cells?
chloroplast
Which organelle contains catalase, which converts toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen (in the liver they detoxify alcohol)?
peroxisomes
Which organelle has hollow tubes composed of the protein tubulin and is used to produce cilia and flagella?
cytoskeleton microtubules
Which organelle has solid rods composed of the protein actin?
cytoskeleton microfilaments
Which organelle is short, numerous, hair-like microtubule projections that move like oars? Used for locomotion and lining passageways.
cilia
Which organelle has long, whip-like microtubule structures that are FEW in number and used in locomotion?
flagella
Which organelle has special microtubules used in cell division? (Found ONLY in animal cells)
centrioles
Which organelle has a structure that provides RIGID support for the cell? Located outside of the plasma membrane.
cell wall
Which organelle is the powerhouse energy factory via ATP for the cell?
mitochondria
Proteins are packaged in these and sent to/from the Golgi apparatus.
Vesicles
The plasma membrane is composed primarily of these molecules.
phospholipids
These proteins help give a cell its shape.
cytoskeleton
This organelle can manufacture lipids and detoxify alcohol.
Smooth ER
