UNIT 1 EXAM Flashcards
Definition of security?
Security: Protection of a person, building or organisation against threats such as crime.
Security is provided in 3 ways:
- Manned security - people on-site looking after its security
- Physical security - locks, gates and barriers
- System security - CCTV, alarms etc
Security Industry Authority:
• Reports to the government
• An independent body set up to enforce regulation of the private security industry.
• Reduce criminality and raise standards within the private security industry
• Empowered by the Private Security Industry Act 2001
Red Card/Yellow Card Scheme:
This scheme is used for Licensed Premises (Businesses that sell alcohol to the public) that have ongoing problems, it’s a way to give a business a chance to make improvements as opposed to just closing a business down for failing to comply with the law when it comes to the sale of alcohol (more on this later)
Yellow card: Business given the opportunity to improve, perhaps given stricter conditions in which they will need to operate
Red Card: Business is shut and their licence is revoked
What is AI in the context of security?
Assignment instructions
Legal implications of using CCTV:
Legal implications of using CCTV:
• Any public space surveillance CCTV system must be registered with the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO)
• The data controller (owner of the CCTV system who must be named) has a legal responsibility for any data processed through the CCTV system
• There must be adequate signage to inform the public that cameras are in operation and these signs must also contain contact information for the data controller so that members of the public can raise complaints or issues
• CCTV systems cannot record in certain areas which would be deemed as private such as toilets/changing rooms etc
• Collecting of any personal data including images that are identifiable are protected under the Data Protection Act 2018
Two main types of Law in the UK:
• Criminal Law (Common Law and Statute Law) - Crimes
• Civil Law - non-criminal law referring to civil wrongs
Libel?
Libel - printing or publishing false information that is damaging to a person or business
Slander?
Slander - similar to libel; however, the false information is spoken as opposed to printed/published material.
Trespass?
Trespass - committed by someone on someone else’s property without consent, note that consent can be withdrawn and if somebody then fails to leave, they would be a trespasser.
Employment Law?
Employment Law - Unfair dismissal tribunals etc
Family Law?
Family Law - divorce and child custody cases
Contractual Law?
Contractual Law - Contractual breaches
Personal Injury Law?
Personal Injury Law - if somebody is injured through no fault of their own
Criminal Law:
Criminal Law:
The purpose of Criminal law is to deter and punish. Criminal law is made up of two parts - Statute Law (Acts of parliament) and Common Law (laws based on past judicial decisions over the centuries).
Example of Statute Law?
Example of Statute Law - Private Security Industry Act 2001 (any law that ends with the word Act and a date would be a statute law that has been passed by parliament.
Example of Common Law?
Example of Common Law - Murder, this law has existed for centuries and was not passed through parliament but instead was created over the centuries by judicial decisions.
Theft?
Theft: Taking something that does not belong to you to deprive the owner of it permanently
Robbery?
Robbery: Theft using force or threat of force
Burglary?
Burglary: Entering a building or part of a building as a trespasser to commit further offences (assault, robbery, theft)
Criminal Damage?
Criminal Damage: A person either intentionally or recklessly causes damage to someone else’s property without lawful excuse
Types of Assault?
Types of Assault: (Listed in the least to most serious offences)
The Private Security Industry Act 2001?
The Private Security Industry Act 2001
This law was passed through Parliament in May 2001 and came into force in 2003.
Its main aim was to set, maintain and raise standards in the UK’s private security industry. In order to enforce and manage the new law, the government formed a new body called the Security Industry Authority.
List the human rights relevant to us?
The Rights relevant to us:
Article 2 - Right to life
Article 3 - Prohibition of torture
Article 5 - Right to freedom
Article 6 - Right to a fair trial
Article 7 - No punishment without law
Article 8 - Right to privacy
Article 14 - Prohibition of discrimination
The Equality Act 2010
Protected Characteristics (do not discriminate directly or indirectly based on):
• Race
• Ethnicity
• Sex
• Sexual orientation
• Country of origin
• Age
• Colour
• Religion
• Disability
• Gender Reassignment
• Marriage/Civil Partnership
• Pregnancy
• Maternity
Prejudice?
Prejudice: Prejudgement before being aware of all of the facts
Stereotyping?
Stereotyping: A widely held belief that is often overly simplistic of a particular type of person because of their association with a particular group
Discrimination?
Discrimination: Where someone is treated less favourably than another based on a protected characteristic
Indirect Discrimination?
Indirect Discrimination: Applying the same conditions to everyone but the proportion of a certain protected group who can apply is smaller
Harassment?
Harassment: Unwanted conduct relevant to a protected characteristic
Victimisation?
Victimisation: Treating someone unfavourably because they have raised a complaint
Vicarious Liability?
Vicarious Liability: Refers to a situation where someone can be held liable for the acts or omissions of another person. Example: A company can be held liable for the acts and omissions of its employees
Data Subject?
Data Subject - means the individual who is the subject of the data.
Data Controller?
Data Controller - The person who determines what data is collected and for what purposes and how the data will be processed
Data Processor?
Data Processor - Anyone (other than an employee of the data controller) who processes the data on behalf of the data controller.
Citizens arrest?
citizen’s arrest essentially it is the taking or restraint of a person from their liberty so that they shall forthcoming to answer for alleged crime or offence.
When can we legally arrest someone?
The law says that we can carry out an arrest on anyone carrying out an indictable offence (serious offence) or anyone who we have reasonable grounds for suspecting that they are committing an indictable offence.
Breach of the peace?
Breach of the peace: any disorder or disruption to the peace in public or in private that results in violence, the threat of violence or provokes violence from another”. Is called a Breach of Peace
Can you arrest someone for being drunk and disorderly?
The police can only arrest drunk and disorderly behaviour, Security Operatives and members of the public cannot detain a person for drunk and disorderly conduct and instead should contact the police.
What is reasonable force?
Reasonable = Necessary + Proportionate
giving clear descriptions of people is also crucial for report writing. Below is a list of things to remember to include when giving a suspect description; this is known as the alphabet method and is an easy way to remember what to include:
A = Age (approximately)
B = Build
C = Clothing
D = Distinguishing Marks
E = Ethnicity
F = Face
G = Gender/Gait (how they walk)
H = Height/Hair (Height should be approximated)
I = Idiosyncrasies (odd behaviours, habits)
Hazard?
Hazard - anything that has the potential to cause harm
Risk?
Risk - the chance that harm could happen in certain circumstances
Risk Assessments step by step guide?
Risk Assessments:
• Identify the hazards (What has the potential to cause injury)
• Quantify the risks (The percentage chance of injury occurring)
• Evaluate control requirements (What can be done to reduce this risk)
• Record and monitor (Monitor and record any accidents)
• Inform and train (Make sure staff are adequately trained and all training is documented)
HEALTH AND SAFETY SIGNAGE:
Prohibition (Red circle with diagonal red line)?
Prohibition (Red circle with diagonal red line) - Not allowed.
HEALTH AND SAFETY SIGNAGE:
Mandatory (Blue with white writing)?
Mandatory (Blue with white writing)- Must comply
HEALTH AND SAFETY SIGNAGE:
Warning (Yellow with black writing)?
Warning (Yellow with black writing) - Indicates danger
HEALTH AND SAFETY SIGNAGE:
Safe Conditions (Green with white writing)?
Safe Conditions (Green with white writing) - First aid kit/station or safe area
HEALTH AND SAFETY SIGNAGE:
Fire Equipment (Red sign with white writing)?
Fire Equipment (Red sign with white writing) - Indicates fire extinguisher etc