Unit 1 Exam Flashcards
Lepidoptera
Moths and Butterflies
- 4 opaque wings
- colorful
- holometabolous (4 stages)
- large in size
- proboscis
- ectothermic
Megaloptera
Dobsonflies, Fishflies, Alderflies
- 4 membranous wings
- drab colored
- pronounced mandibles
- holometabolous w/ obligate aquatic egg and larvae stage
Orthoptera
Grasshopper, Katydids, Crickets
- hemimetabolous
- chewing mouth parts
- 4 wings
- forewings are leathery and cover hindwings
Odonata
Dragonflies and Damselflies
- hemimetabolous
- “toothed”
- 4 membranous wings
Phasmatodea
Stick or Leaf insects
- hemimetabolous
- long, linear morphology
- crawl, mobility by walking
- nymph is smaller version of adult
- rely on camouflage
- femoral spine, defense, can draw blood
Mantodea
Praying Mantis
- hemimetabolous
- predatory
- majorite in asia
- long lived insect
-3 species in Ohio: Europa, Chinese, Carolina
- Triangular head
- raptorial legs to catch prey
- camouflage
Hemiptera
True bugs
- hemimetabolous
- “half-winged”
- broader body
- have a scutellum
Hymenoptera
Bees, Wasps, Ants
- 115,000 species
-includes social and solitary species
- Extremely narrow waist
- membranous translucent wings w/ reduced venation
- holometabolous
- may be parasitic
Diptera
True flies
- “two winged”
- about 17,000 species
- abundant worldwide
- 2 functional wings: membranous and translucent, 2 non-functional “halteres”
- holometabolous: freshwater, semiaquatic, moist terrestrial
- vermiform: worm-like larval stage w/o legs
- mouthparts such or pierce
- all are liquid feeders
- some parasitic
- diseases transmitted by diptera
Passerines
Song birds
- largest group
- Order Passeriformes
- 3 toes in front, 1 in back
- perch on trees
- most hand sized or small
- year round and migratory species
Piciformes
Woodpeckers
- can climb up and down tree trunks
- two toes in front, two toes in back
Flagship Species
A species that serves as the representative for a group
Entomophobia
the fear of insects
Saltation
mobility via jumping
Adpressed
Pressed up tightly against
Hexapod
having 6 legs
Mimicry
mimicking or taking the appearance of another animal or object
Haltere
the balancing organ of a two-winged fly, seen as either of a pair of knobbed filaments that take the place of the hind wings, vibrating during flight
Hematophagy
Animals that feed by drinking the blood of other animals
Social Insect
Live in community w/ other of same species, highly organized caste system
Caste
division of society by ranking of social class
Ectothermic
an organism that regulates it body temperature through the temperature around it
Endothermic
an animal that can generate its own body heat
Holometabolous
a life cycle including 4 stage : egg, larvae, pupa, adult
Hemimetabolous
a life cycle including 3 stages: egg, nymph, adult
Larva
stage of life in a holometabolous animal after egg and before pupa, immature and usually structurally different
Nymph
stage of life in hemimetabolous animals, usually these reflect the adults and are just smaller versions
Hemolymph
the fluid in insects that is the equivalent of their blood
Cerci
small rounded pair of appendages at the end of animals, such as an earwig
Elytra
pair of hardened forewings on beetles, serve as a protective covering
Scutellum
hard plate on thorax of some insects; in order Hemiptera
Rostrum
an anterior projection on an insect
Raptorial Legs
the grasping forelegs on mantises; order Mantodea
Sexual Dimorphism
the distinct differences between male and females
Ethyl Acetate
the chemical used in kill jars to humanely and quickly kill an animal
Kill jar
A glass jar with ethyl acetate in dried plaster of paris on the bottom or top of jar that is used to trap and quickly kill insects
Purpose of a Kill Jar
the quickly and humanely kill insects
Methods of which to set up a relaxing chamber
use a sealable container and put insects on a piece of Styrofoam in the container on either water or a wet paper towel and then seal lid on top. let sit for at least 24 hours or more. add some type of soap to prevent mold and mildew if in for more than 24-48 hours
Proper pinning techniques
pin through the thorax slightly to the right side, open and pin out at least right side of wings on things such as beetles and then both wings on things such as butterflies and dragonflies
Relationship between bird foot structure and behavior
2 toes front and 2 toes back is more common on woodpeckers to allow them to climb the trees and 3 toes front and 1 toes back is more common on songbirds to allow them to perch on tree branches
relationship between bird beak shape and food
shorter more rounded beaks allow for breaking of seeds and nuts while longer beaks can allow for more digging of worms and grub
Active ingredients and safe handling precautions for ethyl acetate
always wear liquid proof gloves and splashproof goggles and the active ingredients are ethanol and acetic acid
Coleoptera
Beetles
- biggest order
- holometabolous
– grub (vermiform) w/ mandibles and legs
- elytra - exoskeleton - whole back is hardened usually a separation down middle of wings
- 4 wings - outer hardened, inner membranous
Dermaptera
Earwigs
- have a cerci at end of abdomen, basically pair of pincers
- hemimetabolous
- small order
