Unit 1 - Evidence Flashcards
What is a statement made under oath - Direct Evidence?
Testimonial Evidence
What is any object/material that is relevant in a crime - Indirect Evidence.
Tangible items that tend to prove some material fact; also called real evidence.
Physical Evidence
This is based on suggestion rather than personal knowledge.
Circumstantial Evidence
temporary; easily changed/lost; usually observed by the 1st officer at the scene
Transient Evidence
produced by direct contact between a person and an object or between 2 objects. Most are in the form of imprints, indentations, striations, or fractures.
Pattern Evidence
Produced by a specific event or action; important in crime scene reconstruction. Ex: light, smoke, fire, location, vehicles, body, scene
Conditional Evidence
Produced by contact between person/object
Transfer Evidence
Items that may associate a victim or suspect with a scene out each other
Associative Evidence
Type of evidence that is common to a group of objects/persons
Class Evidence
Type of evidence that can be identified with a particular person or a single source
Individual Evidence
This tells:
- What took place
- How victim was killed
- # of people involved
- Sequence of events
Reconstruction
3 factors that may affect the memory of a crime.
- Age
- Perspective
- Bias
What are the 5 types of physical evidence?
- Associative
- Conditional
- Transfer
- Pattern
- Transient
The ability of evidence to prove something that is material to a crime.
Probative Value
Material that comes from a proven our known source.
Known/Control Sample
