Unit 1 - Essential Vocabulary

Question 1

Solstice

Answer 1

In the north hemisphere, the summer solstice is the longest day and the winter solstice is the shortest.

Question 2

Climate

Answer 2

The typical weather conditions at a particular location as observed over time.

Question 3

Rain Shadow

Answer 3

The land on the leeward side of hills or mountains that gets little rain from the descending dry air.

Question 4

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 4

The layer of gases released by the burning of coal and petroleum that traps solar energy, causing global temperatures to increase.

Question 5

Ecosystem

Answer 5

An interdependent community of plants

Question 6

Biosphere

Answer 6

All the parts of the earth where plants and animals live, including the atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the hydrosphere.

Question 7

Lithosphere

Answer 7

The solid rock portion of the earth’s surface.

Question 8

Society

Answer 8

A group that shares a geographic region, a common language, and sense of identity and culture.

Question 9

Culture

Answer 9

The total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors share by and passes on by members of a group

Question 10

Acculturation

Answer 10

The cultural change that occurs when individuals in a society accept or adopt an innovation.

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behaviors to different societies.

Question 12

Innovation

Answer 12

Taking existing elements of society and creating something new to meet a need.

Question 13

Ethnic Group

Answer 13

A group of people who share language, customs, and a common heritage.

Question 14

3 Monotheistic Religions

Answer 14

Christianity, Judaism, Islamic

Question 15

Atheism

Answer 15

Not believing in a God

Question 16

Dialect

Answer 16

A version of a language that reflects changes in speech patterns due to class, region, or cultural changes.

Question 17

Equinox

Answer 17

Each of the two days in a year which day and night are equal length. Marks the beginning of spring and autumn.

Question 18

Precipitation

Answer 18

Falling water droplets in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail.

Question 19

Convection

Answer 19

The transfer of heat in the atmosphere by upward motion of the air.

Question 20

Latitude/Longitude.

Answer 20

Latitude - parallel to equator ; Longitude - parallel to prime meridian

Question 21

Magma

Answer 21

The molten rock material formed when solid rock in the earth’s mantel or crust melts.

Question 22

Atmosphere

Answer 22

The layers of gases immediately surrounding the earth.

Question 23

Continental Drift

Answer 23

The hypothesis that all continents were once joined to the deep part of it the ocean.

Question 24

Monotheism

Answer 24

Believe in one god

Question 25

Polytheism

Answer 25

Belief in many gods.

Question 26

Birth Rate

Answer 26

The number of live births per total population, often expressed per thousand population.

Question 27

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 27

The number of deaths among infants under the age one as measured perk thousand live births.

Question 28

Carrying Capacity

Answer 28

The number of organisms a piece of land can support without negative effects

Question 29

Nation-State

Answer 29

The name of a territory when a nation and a state occupy the same territory

Question 30

Natural Resources

Answer 30

A material on or in the earth, such as a tree, fish, or coal, that has economic value.

Question 31

Stateless Nation

Answer 31

A nation of people that does not have a territory to legally occupy, like Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques.

Question 32

Pangaea

Answer 32

The supercontinent before the other continents separated

Question 33

Animism

Answer 33

a set of beliefs based on the existence of non-human “spiritual beings”

Question 34

Death Rate

Answer 34

The number of deaths per thousand.

Question 35

Political Boundries

Answer 35

It’s the sort of line drawn on most maps. It can be between countries, states, counties, cities – almost anything that is not natural.

Question 36

Growth Rate

Answer 36

the change in a population over time