Unit 1, Early Music & Baroque

Question 1

Timbre

Answer 1

Characteristic color or sound of an instrument or voice

Question 2

Strings

Answer 2

Violin, viola, cello, and bass

Question 3

Woodwinds

Answer 3

Flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon

Question 4

Brass

Answer 4

French horn, trumpet, trombone, and tuba

Question 5

Percussion

Answer 5

Timpani

Question 6

Chamber music

Answer 6

Not a big ensemble. Performed in small spaces. Mostly for unofficial performances.

Question 7

Mesopotamia

Answer 7

Middle East by Euphrates river. A lot of culture started in this area, including music.

Question 8

Lyre

Answer 8

Plucked string instrument with a resonating sound-box, two arms, crossbar, and strings that run parallel to the soundboard and attach to the crossbar.

Question 9

Aulos

Answer 9

Greek. A reed instrument. Consists of two pipes with fingerholes. Can produce two different pitches. Used in the worship of Dionysus.

Question 10

Estampie

Answer 10

The most common medieval instrumental dance. Several sections. Triple meter.

Question 11

Consort

Answer 11

English name for a group of instruments

Question 12

Lute

Answer 12

Plucked string instrument popular typically pear- or almond-shaped with a rounded back, flat fingerboard, frets, and one single and five double strings.

Question 13

G. Gabrieli

Answer 13

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Question 14

Basso continuo

Answer 14

System of notation and performance practice in which an instrumental bass line is written out and one or more players of keyboard, lute, or similar instruments fill in the harmony with appropriate chords or improvised melodic lines.

Question 15

Conzona

Answer 15

An instrumental work adapted from a chanson or composed in a similar style. Has several contrasting sections, of which the first and some others are in imitative counterpoint.

Question 16

Sonata

Answer 16

A piece to be played on one or more instruments. Baroque instrumental piece with contrasting sections or movements, often with imitative counterpoint

Question 17

Suite

Answer 17

A set of pieces that are linked together into a single work. During the Baroque period, it usually referred to a set of stylized dance pieces.

Question 18

Sonata de camera

Answer 18

Usually a suite of stylized dances, scored for one or more treble instruments and continuo. Also called chamber sonata.

Question 19

Sonata de chiesa

Answer 19

Instrumental work intended for performance in church; usually in four movements -slow-fast-slow-fast- and scored for one or more treble instruments no continuo. Also called church sonata

Question 20

Trio sonata

Answer 20

A sonata with two treble instruments above the basso continuo. A performance featured four or more players if more than one used for the continuo part.

Question 21

Solo sonata

Answer 21

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Question 22

Corelli

Answer 22

Was a violinist who established the foundation for violin-playing and exploited the singing qualities of the instrument better than anyone of his generation.
Worked as violinist, teacher, ensemble director, and composer for wealthy patrons in Rome.

Question 23

Concerto

Answer 23

In the seventeenth century, ensemble of instruments or of voices with one or more instruments, or a work for such an ensemble. Composition in which one or more solo instruments contrasts with an orchestral ensemble.

Question 24

Concerto grosso

Answer 24

Instrumental work that exploits the contrast in sonority between a small ensemble of solo instruments, usually the same forces that appeared in the trio sonata, and a large ensemble.

Question 25

Concertino

Answer 25

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Question 26

Solo concerto

Answer 26

A piece in which a single instrument, such as a violin, contrasts with an orchestra.

Question 27

Vivaldi

Answer 27

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Question 28

Ritornello

Answer 28

The instrumental introduction or interlude between sung stanzas. Can state the main theme.
In a fast movement of a concerto, the recurring thematic material played at the beginning by the full orchestra and repeated throughout

Question 29

Telemann

Answer 29

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Question 30

J. S. Bach

Answer 30

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Question 31

Bradenburg Concertos

Answer 31

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Question 32

Handel

Answer 32

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Question 33

Water Music

Answer 33

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Question 34

Music for the Royal Fireworks

Answer 34

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