Unit 1 (Directional terms + Cavity's Flashcards
Superior
refers to the top of the body ⇡
Inferior
refers to the bottom of the body ⇣
Standard Anatomical Postion
Standing, facing forward, feet flat, holding arm at side, palms facing
Prone
Face down, lying on stomach,
Supine
lying on your back, face up
Trendelenburg
Table or bed is tilted so the head is lower than the feet
Fowler’s
45 degree angle
Low Fowler’s
30 degree angle
High Fowler’s
90 degree angle
Anterior/Ventral
Front of the body ( “V” on your collarbone)
Posterior/Dorsal
Back of the body (Dolphins dorsal fins on their backs)
Cranial/Cephalic
Refers to the head (toward the head of a body)
Caudal
Refers to the tail bone or tail end (toward the tail of a body)
Medial
Towards the middle of the body
Lateral
Towards the side of the body
Proximal
refers to the closet point of attachment ex: your shoulder and hip are proximal
Distal
refers to the farthest point of attachment ex: your fingers and toes are distal
Superficial
On or near the surface
ex: freckles, skin, and hair
Deep
on the inside ex: heart, intestines, and surgical incisions
Planes
imaginary lines that divide the body
Sagittal
left and right
Midsagittal
equal left and right partd
Frontal/Coronal
Front and Back
transverse/horizontal
top and bottom
Right upper quadrant
Liver, gallbladder, right kidney, & the right adrenal gland
Right lower quadrant
appendix, reproductive organs, right ureter
left upper quadrant
stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and the left adrenal glans
left lower quadrant
left ureter, reproductive organs
Hypochondriac Regions (L & R)
the prefix “hypo” means below or under
“chondraic” means cartilage ex: the cartilage of the ribs
Lumbar Regions (L & R)
lumbar refers the vertebrate in your lower back
Iliac Regions (L & R)
curved top of the hip bone is called the iliac crest
Middle Column
names after their location relative to the stomach
Epigastric region
the prefix “epi” means above or over
“gastric” means stomach or belly
Umbilical Region
the umbilical region contains your navel AKA umbilicus
Hypogastric Region
“hypo” means below
“gastric” means stomach or belly
Dorsal/Posterior Cavity
Cranial + Spinal Cavities
Ventral/Anterior Cavity
Thoracic + Abdominal + Pelvic Cavities
Thoracic Cavity
heart, lungs, bronchi, trachea, esophagus, and thymus gland
Pericardial Cavity
heart
Pleural Cavity
lungs
Abdominopelvic Cavity
abdominal + pelvic cavities
Abdominal Cavity
stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, large and small intestines, & appendix
Pelvic Cavity
urinary bladder, reproductive organs & rectum
