UNIT 1 DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH Flashcards
Historically health was described as
the state of not
being sick.
Modern: The World Health
Organization defines
health as
a state of
complete physical, mental
and social well-being and
not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity”
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Our Definition of Health = Wholeness
The interaction of a person’s
physical, emotional, intellectual/cognitive
social and spiritual* strengths
toward the achievement of
a productive and satisfying life
HEALTH DIMENSIONS
PHYSICAL HEALTH
EMOTIONAL HEALTH
SOCIAL HEALTH
SPIRITUAL HEALTH
INTELLECTUAL HEALTH
PHYSICAL HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Body functions efficiently
Adequate energy & strength
Resistance to disease
EMOTIONAL HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Recognize & express our emotions
appropriately
Manage stress
Self awareness & self control
Caring, cheerful, confident, assertive,
approachable, responsible, genuine,
realistic, open-minded, fun-loving
COGNITIVE/ INTELLECTUAL HEALTH
CHARACTERISTICS
Process & act on information
Know our values & beliefs
Make informed decisions
Attempt new learning/ behaviours
Creative, secure, confident
SOCIAL HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Maintain meaningful relationships
Respect, trust, considerate, warm, open-minded, helpful
People-oriented, comfortable in community
Good communicator!
SPIRITUAL HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Discover our purpose
Make choices based on values
Sense of peace, love, joy, humility, charity,
religion, compassion, honesty, forgiveness,
Personal (not material) fulfillment
Strong ethical/moral ideas
12 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Income and social
status
Employment and
working conditions
Education and literacy
Childhood experiences
Physical environments
Social supports and
coping skills
Healthy behaviours
Access to health
services
Biology and genetic
endowment
Gender
Culture
Race
Sensory Learning Styles
- Visual learner: Forgets names, remembers faces.
Likes paintings, photos. Looks for facial expressions
to interpret mood - Auditory Learner: Reads aloud, learns best through
lectures/verbal instructions - Kinesthetic Learners: Takes notes, rewriting to
condense. Prefers direct involvement by doing,
role playing, & activities. Handles visual aids
provided during class
Why Exercise
↑resistance to colds
↑cognitive capacity
↑vigor & energy
↑self-image
↑self-confidence
↑ self-concept
↑ lean body tissue
↑ bone density
↑ circulation
↑ lung capacity
↑ wound healing
Cardiovascular exercise results
in
↑blood volume, ↑oxygen to cells
↑heart strength, ↓ HR, ↓BP
↑lung capacity
Risks with too little
fat
During infections,
famine & disease
Delay recovery from
disease
Poorer tolerance for
health treatments
energy,insulation
Malnourished
Risks with too much
fat
blood pressure
stroke risk
risk heart disease,
cancers, diabetes,
arthritis and
gallbladder disease
self-esteem
risks from surgery
Need for sleep varies
- Babies 16-18 hours
- Children 10-12 hours
- Teens & Adults 8-10
hours - Elderly 6 hours
Nutrients are
Chemical substances
in food that must be
ingested, digested,
& absorbed to
nourish the body
Nutrients Include
carbohydrates, fats,
proteins, minerals,
and vitamins.
calories are
the amount of energy
produced as the body burns these foods:
Simple carbohydrates
Release glucose
into blood fast so
pancreas stressed
to increase insulin.
Leave you hungry
sooner
Increased risk
cardio. disease,
diabetes, obesity
complex carbohydrates
Provide fibre
Release glucose
slowly into blood
Help sustain full
feeling
In grains &
vegetables
Better overall health
Vitamins & Minerals
Build body
tissues
Regulate body
processes
Provide
resistance to
infections
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Better fats
Monounsaturated, Polyunsaturated
Emotionally Healthy People are:Better fats
- Genuine
- Realistic
- Responsible
- Open to new things
- Trusting
- Accepting of others
- Versatile
- Fun loving
- Content with
themselves - Respectful
- Positive
Intelligent Risk Taking
Done for ourselves
Increase our
knowledge
Allow for greater
exploration and grow
Reckless Risk Taking
Done to impress others,
peer pressure
Risk tasking is
necessary to help
improve critical
thinking/problem
solving
Think of two ways that
risk taking is necessary
for health care
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The 3 “C’s”: Positive Perception
Challenges
Control
Commitment
See stress/change as challenges rather than burdens
Have sense of personal control rather than feeling
things ‘happen’ to them
Have commitment to work, self, families/friends
and/or other important values
Perceptions influence
thoughts & feelings
Emotionally healthy people
recognise & accept their wide
range of feelings and express them
appropriately.
Different ways to express feelings:
❖ Speaking
❖ Writing
❖ Physically
Self Esteem
The perception or mental picture one has
of oneself
Healthy Self Esteem can Influences our
perceptions, our
interpersonal relationships, our choices
and the sense of control we have over our
lives
People With High Self-esteem
Feel good about themselves
Expect that others will think well of them
Are not afraid of other’s reactions
Tend to evaluate their own performance fairly
Work hardest for people who demand high
standards
Are not usually threatened by people in authority
Are able to defend themselves against negative
comments
Promoting Self Esteem
- Nurture caring relationships
- Recognize and celebrate our own value
- Have realistic expectations
- Involve oneself in constructive risk-
taking - Maintain physical health & balance
Stress Response
Three phases:
1. Alarm
perceive threat
2. Resistance
Mobilize resources
”flight or fight” (↑HR & RR, pupils dilate, ↓ blood to skin/GI, ↑blood to
muscles/nerves, ↓immune)
3. Recovery
(relaxation) or exhaustion (illness)
Stress Affects All Domains
Physical-stiff neck
Cognitive-difficulty remembering
Emotional-sleep problems
Social-distrustful
Spiritual-no real meaning in life
Stress Management Strategies
Maintain balance: eat & sleep well, adequate
physical activity, have fun, family/friend time
Manage time: weekly schedule, prepare nutritious
meals ahead of time, don’t procrastinate (easier
said than done!), know limits
Positive perceptions: work to build positive self-
esteem
Practice relaxation: prayer, meditation, walks
Socially Healthy
Person
Key Characteristics
- Optimistic, enthusiastic about life,
relaxed and confident - Less likely to be judgmental
- Communicates own ideas and the
wishes of others - Able to listen to others ideas and
their wishes - Able to establish boundaries for own
personal space and level of
participation - Can handle differences of opinion
and conflict with others
4 MAJOR THEMES OF SPIRITUALITY
Interconnectedness
Mindfulness
Living in harmony
Spirituality as part of daily life
Maslow described spiritually healthy people as:
✓ Centred on eternal/not trivial matters
✓ Comfortable with solitude, independent,
✓ Child-like, spontaneous
✓ Feel love for humankind, truly democratic
✓ Strong ethics/morals
✓ Accurate perception of reality
✓ Wonderful sense of humour
✓ Deep meaningful interpersonal relationships
✓ Creative, use their talents
✓ Do not see themselves as perfect!
How to develop spirituality
Seek meaning in life
Pursue truth
Read spiritual material
Pray/meditate
Make rituals a priority
Time for solitude/centring
Celebrate
Activate sense of wonder
Listen to beautiful music
Explore wonders of nature
– even in the city
Use all your senses
Notice miracles
Cultivate compassion
Listen, forgive
Help someone in pain
Connect with other human
beings and all living things
Look for what makes us the
same, not different
