Unit 1 (Digital Information)

Question 1

Binary:

Answer 1

A way of representing information using only two options.

Question 2

Bit:

(Do you know/remember how to convert in binary?)

Answer 2

A contraction of “Binary Digit”; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1

(Hopefully you do. Remember the power of 2s, 1s and 0s. Also remember to use the divide by 2 remainder method and then reverse them to convert from decimal to binary which is harder IMO.)

Question 3

Byte:
Nibble:

Also Binary vs Decimal numbers

Answer 3

8 bits
4 bits
Usually only like 7 bits would be used but the 8th would be used for error corrections

Decimal number: a base 10 number with ten possible different digits
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89
Binary number: a base 2 number with two possible different digits

Question 4

How do you represent negative numbers

Overflow Error:

Answer 4

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large. Resets and goes to 0

Question 5

Round-off Error:

ASCII American standard code information interchange + Abstraction

Answer 5

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded. Use 2 to the negative powers. Computers often round wrong cuz it cant precisely represent decimals

32-126 for printable characters. 0-31 and 127 for control characters. Different bits represent different storage/characters. (Example: When you don’t see the details of your phone when it gets converted.)

Question 6

Analog Data:

Sampling (what does lower/higher sampling do?)

Answer 6

Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race.

Takes more storage and processes slower but gives more accurate higher quality images. (A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.)

Question 7

Digital Data:

Answer 7

Data that changes discretely through a finite set of possible values

Question 8

Lossless Compression:

Answer 8

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without
losing any information. This process is reversible.

Question 9

Lossy Compression:

Answer 9

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something in which
some information is lost or thrown away. This process is not reversible.

Question 10

Intellectual Property:

Answer 10

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design,
to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Question 11

Creative Commons:

Answer 11

A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise
copyrighted work, used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created