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AP Euro > Unit 1 dates > Flashcards

Unit 1 dates Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Italian Renaissance

A

1405-1648

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1
Q

Petrarch

A

-Humanism
-Inspired by Cicero

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2
Q

Individualism

A

Focuses on the success of the individual

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3
Q

Philology

A

Study of history and development of languages

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4
Q

Secularism

A

Separation of of state from religious affairs

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5
Q

Baldassare Castiglione

A

Wrote The Courtier (How to be a gentleman basically)

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6
Q

Leonardo Bruni

A

Thought the republicanism of ancient Rome was the best form of government

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7
Q

Niccolo Machiavelli

A

Wrote The Prince: Basically a ruler is supposed to maintain power at all costs)

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8
Q

Art styles

A
  • Italian; leans on idealistic naturalism
  • Northern: naturalism for everyday life
  • Geometric perspective
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9
Q

Michelangelo

A
  • ‘David’ sculpture
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10
Q

Raphael

A
  • School of Athens
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11
Q

Filippo Brunelleschi

A
  • Build the church of san lorenzo
  • Dome on florence cathedral
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12
Q

Christian humanism

A

-Humanist thoughts+scriptural authority

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13
Q

Desiderius Erasmus

A
  • Believed in education
  • In Praise of Folly
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14
Q

Peter Bruegel The Elder

A
  • The peasant wedding
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15
Q

Rembrandt

A
  • Known for shading
  • the return of the prodigal son
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16
Q

Johannes Gutenberg

A
  • Printing Press
  • Spread writing easier
  • Gutenberg Bible (1456)
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17
Q

Treason Act

A

Made it where the punishment to not acknowledging the church of England as the state religion was death.

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18
Q

Elizabeth I

A

Steered England back to Anglicanism. Everyone had to attend the church of England.
Had to attend church or you were fined.

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19
Q

“Bloody Mary”

A

Attempted to restore Catholicism to England and killed many people.

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20
Q

Henry VIII

A
  • Opposed Protestant Reformation
  • Became head of the Church
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21
Q

Ferdinand and Isabella

A
  • Began unification of Spain
  • Reconqueita: Got rid of Jews and Muslims
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22
Q

Concordat of Bolgna

A
  • Pope allowed to collect income from French Church
  • France could appoint Church leaders
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23
Q

Peace of Augsberg

A
  • 1555
  • Right to decide religion of the subjects
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24
Q

Peace of Augsberg

A
  • 1555
  • Right to decide religion of the subjects
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25
Q

Medici family & Fugger family

A
  • Owned largest banks in France
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26
Q

Effects of banking

A
  • Increased political power
27
Q

Effects of banking

A
  • Increased political power
28
Q

Reasons for exploration

A

Gold, God, and Glory

29
Q

Jesuits

A

“Society of Jesus”

30
Q

Bartolome De Las Casas

A

Fought for dignity of people in America.

31
Q

Mercantilism

A
  • Argued that there was only a certain amount of wealth in the world.
32
Q

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

A

Believed a country’s wealth should serve the state

33
Q

Inventions for exploration

A
  • More detailed maps
  • Lateen sails
  • Compass
  • Caravel
  • Astrolabe
34
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

1494 by Pope Alexander VI
Divided America by Line of Demarcation: Spain to the left, Portugal to right

35
Q

Colombian Exchange

A

Global exchange of mostly everything in the new world and old world

36
Q

Smallpox

A

A lot died because not everyone had a natural immunity

37
Q

African slave trade

A

shipped across Atlantic to work for europeans

38
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

1450-1648
Split of church

39
Q

SImony

A

Buying and selling of church offices

40
Q

Nepotism

A

Appoitment of family and friends to church offices

41
Q

Martin Luther

A
  • Salvation was through one’s self
  • 95 theses: Called church corrupt
42
Q

Diet of Worm

A

Trial to try to make Martin Luther take back what he said

43
Q

John Calvin

A
  • Predestination
  • Doctrine of Elect: Someone who did good i he one who was born with salvation
44
Q

Anabaptists

A

Only adults could be baptists and infants could not

45
Q

Hugenots

A

People who embraced protestantism

46
Q

Massacre of Vassy

A

Killing of Hugenots by the bourbon family in 1516

47
Q

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

A

Catherine de Midici killed a lot of Hugenots again

48
Q

War of Three Henry’s

A
  • Henry III: Catholic, supported by Catherine e Medici
  • Henry of Navarre: Hugenot, leader of bourbon family
  • Henry of Guise: Catholic, wanted only Catholics to rule France
49
Q

Edict of Nanes

A

Huegenots could worship freely

50
Q

Thirty Years’ War

A
51
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A
  • 1555
  • Individual rulers could decided their people’s religion.
52
Q

Defenestration of prague

A
  • Protestants were angry Ferdinand broke peace of augsburg so they threw one of his officials out the window
  • Started 30 years war
53
Q

Thirty years war phases

A
  • Bohemian phase (1618-1625)
  • Danish phase (1625-1630)
    - King of denmark attacked catholics
  • Swedish phase (1630-1635)
  • French phase (1635-1648)
54
Q

Gustavus Aldophus

A

Led a lot of victories for protestants

55
Q

Peace of Westphalia

A
  • 1648
  • End of all of Europe’s religious wars
56
Q

Roman inquisition

A
  • Pope paul III
  • Could arrest and execute heretics
57
Q

Council of Trent

A
  • 1545-1563
  • Meant to reform catholic church and forge reconciliation
58
Q

Carmelite order

A
  • Saint theresa of avilia
  • Emphasized asceticism and poverty
59
Q

Jesuits

A
  • Founded by ignatius of loyola for spiritual renewal
60
Q

Querelle De Femmes

A
  • “The Women Question”
  • Debate over whther woman could get an education
61
Q

Mannerism

A
  • Distorted figures
  • Vibrant colors
62
Q

Baroque

A
  • Detailed, emotional and dramatic
63
Q

Peter Paul Rubens

A

Baroque artists

64
Q

Louis XIV

A
  • Wanted all power
  • “I am the state”

AP Euro (4 decks)

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