Unit 1 (Cranial/Facial Bones, Sinuses, Brain & Ventricles) Flashcards
True or False
MRI utilizes Hounsfield units in image interpretation.
W1
False
CT utilizes Hounsfield units in image interpretation.
True or False
Air has a Hounsfield unit of 0.
W1
False
Air (black) -1000
Fat -100
Water 0
Soft Tissue 100
Bone (white) 1000
How many cranial bones are there?
6
7
8
9
W2
8
Ethmoid
Occipital
Parietal (2)
Frontal
Temporal (2)
Sphenoid
Eight
Osseous
Parts
Form
The
Skull
The structure that lies within the sella turcica is known as:
pituitary gland
master gland
hypophysis
all of the above
W2
all of the above
Which of the below structures is not associated with the sella turcica?
tuberculum sella
anterior clinoid process
dorsum sellae
none of the above. All of the structures are associated with the sella turcica.
W2
none of the above. All of the structures are associated with the sella turcica.
There is a total of ____ facial bones.
12
13
14
15
W2
14
Maxilla (2)
Mandible
Inferior Nasal Conchae (2)
Nasal (2)
Vomer
Lacrimal (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Palatine (2)
My
Mandible
Chews
Nine
Very
Large
Zucchini
Pizzas
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone:
ethmoid
frontal
parietal
maxilla
W2
maxilla
True or False
The subarachnoid space is where the cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid circulates around the spinal cord and brain.
W3
True
The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle via which of the following:
Foramen of Luschka
Cerebral Aqueduct
Foramen of Monro
Aqueduct of Sylvius
Both B and D are correct
W3
Both B and D are correct
Cerebral Aqueduct
Aqueduct of Sylvius
Mesencephalic Aqueduct- another name for Cerebral Aqueduct.
Foramen on Monroe- Connects Lateral Ventricles to the 3rd Vetricle.
Which of the following lists the three meningeal layers of the brain from the outermost to the innermost ?
Pia mater, arachnoid , dura mater
Arachnoid , pia mater, dura mater
Dura mater, arachnoid , pia mater
Dura mater, subdural space, subarachnoid space
W3
Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
True or False
The arachnoid villi produces cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid in the ventricular system.
W3
False
Choroid Plexus- produces cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid in the ventricular system.
Arachnoid Villi- allow CSF to flow from the subarachnoid space into the dural venous sinuses, where it is returned to the bloodstream.
The dural fold that seperates the cerebellum into right and left halves is the:
Pia mater
Falx cerebelli
Tentorium cerebelli
Falx cerebri
W3
Falx cerebelli
True or False
All the veins from the head drain into the dural sinuses and ultimately into the internal jugular veins of the neck.
W4
True
This artery is the largest of the cerebral arteries and is a direct continuation of the internal carotid artery.
vertebral artery
anterior communicating artery
middle cerebral artery
anterior cerebral artery
W4
middle cerebral artery
The internal carotid artery travels up the neck and enters into the base of the skull via which of the following foramen or openings:
foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone
carotid canal of the temporal bones
carotid canal of the occipital bone
foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone
W4
carotid canal of the temporal bones
Internal Carotid Arteries (feed anterior brain)- Carotid Canal (Temporal Bone)
Vertebral Arteries (feed posterior brain)- Foramen Magnum
Where do the vertebral arteries enter into the cranium?
transverse foramina
foramen magnum
foramen ovale
dural sinuses
W4
foramen magnum
Internal Carotid Arteries (feed anterior brain)- Carotid Canal (Temporal Bone)
Vertebral Arteries (feed posterior brain)- Foramen Magnum
Which the the following arteries are paired (left and right)?
basilar
inferior sagittal sinus
anterior communicating artery
internal carotid artery
W4
internal carotid artery
At what internal landmark does the common carotid artery bifurcate into internal and external branches?
C3-C4
C7-T1
T6-T7
L4-L5
W4
C3-C4
Which vessels branch directly from the aortic arch?
- internal carotid
- left subclavian
- right subclavian
- brachiocephalic
- left common carotid
1, 2 and 3
2, 3 and 5
2, 4 and 5
3, 4 and 5
W4
2, 4 and 5
left subclavian
brachiocephalic
left common carotid
Remember ABC’S:
(A)ortic Arch
(B)raciocephalic
Left (C)ommon Carotid
Left (S)ubclavian
Which arteries are involved in the posterior blood supply to the brain?
external carotid
external jugular
middle cerebral
vertebral
W4
vertebral
Anterior- Internal Carotid Arteries
Posterior- Vertebral Arteries
Which arteries form the Circle of Willis?
- anterior and posterior cerebral
- internal carotids
- middle cerebral
- anterior and posterior communicating
- vertebral
1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 5
1, 2 and 4
2, 3 and 4
W4
1, 2 and 4
anterior and posterior cerebral
internal carotids
anterior and posterior communicating
Circle of Willis- a “ring” that allows for backups in blood flow to different regions of the brain if one artery becomes blocked.
The conjuction of these dural sinses form the confluence of the sinuses:
- superior sagittal
- carotid syphon
- transverse
- sigmoid
- straight
1, 2 and 4
1, 3 and 5
3, 4 and 5
2, 4 and 5
W4
1, 3 and 5
superior sagittal
transverse
straight
