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2024-2025: Social Studies > Unit 1: Colonization > Flashcards

Unit 1: Colonization Flashcards

1
Q

John Smith

A

Took control of Jamestown in 1608.

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2
Q

What was John Smith’s rule?

A

He took control of food supply: “He that will not work, neither shall he eat.”

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3
Q

Did the settlers of Jamestown trade with Native Americans?

A

Yes!

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4
Q

Who was the “Savior of Jamestown”?

A

John Smith

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5
Q

Who were the Powhatans?

A

They were a local Native American tribe.

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6
Q

Who led the Powhatan tribe?

A

Chief Powhatan

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7
Q

How did the Powhatans help Jamestown?

A

They taught the coloinists how to farm

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8
Q

How was Jamestown economically successful?

A

John Rolfe introduced tobacco, which was largely popular in Europe, causing the settlers to have a source of income.

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9
Q

How did Squanto help the pilgrims?

A

Squanto taught the pilgrims how to plant crops and helped them make peace with the Native Americans.

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10
Q

What is the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

A

The Mayflower Compact was a legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good. IT WAS ONE OF THE FIRST ATTEMPTS AT SELF-GOVERNMENT!

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11
Q

What was the Plymouth colony?

A

It was a British colony that was established in Massachusetts in 1620.

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12
Q

What were the religious beliefs of the Plymouth colony?

A

There were two groups: the Separatists (Pilgrims) and the Strangers (people going to America for non-religious reasons).

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13
Q

What did Separatists believe?

A

They wanted to separate from the Church of England.

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14
Q

What did the Strangers believe?

A

They came from many different religions: they just wanted to have better opportunities.

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15
Q

What is a Civil Body Politic?

A

A group of people who are going to govern fairly.

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16
Q

What government did Massachusetts have?

A

Theocracy

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17
Q

What government did the Puritans have?

A

Theocracy

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18
Q

How did Puritan beliefs lead to the Salem Witch Trials?

A

Overly religious and Puritanical beliefs led to the witch trials.

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19
Q

What is a theocracy?

A

A government based on religion.

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20
Q

Who leads a theocracy?

A

Church leaders are government leaders.

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21
Q

Who could vote in a theocracy?

A

Male Church members could vote in a theocracy.

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22
Q

Who founded Rhode Island?

A

Rodger Williams, Anne Hutchinson

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23
Q

Why did Rodger Williams get kicked out?

A

He supported the separation of church and state.

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24
Q

Why did Anne Hutchinson get banished?

A

She believed ministers were unnecessary to connect with God, and wanted women to be able to preach.

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25
Q

Why did Anne Hutchinson and Rodger Williams leave MA?

A

Religious persecution

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26
Q

Who founded Connecticut?

A

Thomas Hooker

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27
Q

Why did Thomas Hooker get kicked out of MA?

A

He believed all white men should be able to vote regardless of their religion.

28
Q

Why did Thomas Hooker leave MA?

A

Religious persecution

29
Q

What was the Dutch’s diversity like?

A

There were: Dutch, German, Swedish, and English settlers.

30
Q

What was the Dutch economy?

A

New Amsterdam was established as a trading colony to compete with Spain, England, and France.

31
Q

How was New York founded?

A

The Dutch owned it, and the British took it.

32
Q

How did Pennsylvania view women’s rights?

A

Women had equal rights as men: they just couldn’t vote. They could have church leadership roles (Anne Hutchinson got her wish [but she DID NOT live in PA])

33
Q

Who founded Pennsylvania?

A

William Penn

34
Q

How were Native American rights in PA?

A

They were equal to white men.

35
Q

Why was Georgia founded?

A

It was founded as a place to unload English debtors.

36
Q

What did Georgia buffer?

A

It was founded as a buffer between the Spanish and the English colonies.

37
Q

Who founded Georgia?

A

James Oglethorpe

38
Q

New England Colonies:

A

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.

39
Q

Middle Colonies:

A

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware.

40
Q

Southern Colonies:

A

Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

41
Q

New England Politics

A

-Theocracy, the Puritan church determined everything
-Male church members governed
-Town Meetings

42
Q

New England’s Economy

A

Fishing, ship building, and commerce.

43
Q

New England’s Religion

A

Puritan

44
Q

New England’s Geography

A

-Rocky soil
-Short growing season
-Towns and cities

45
Q

Middle Colony’s Politics

A

-Colonial Assemblies
-All males could vote.
-Most diverse of the three regions

46
Q

Middle Colony’s Economy

A

Cash Crop Farming and commerce

47
Q

Middle Colony’s religion

A

Every religion you can think of

48
Q

Middle Colony’s geography

A

-Good soil
-Medium growing season
-Towns and cities

49
Q

Southern Colony’s Politics

A

Aristocracy
-Wealthy landowners had all of the power
-HOUSE OF BURGESSES in Virginia

50
Q

Southern Colony’s Economy

A

Cash Crop Farming

51
Q

Southern Colony’s Religion

A

Church of England

52
Q

Southern Colony’s Geography

A

-Excellent soil
-long growing season
-plantations spread out over large area

53
Q

What were the British location when they first colonized?

A

Maine through Georgia: East Coast

54
Q

What were the French location when they first colonized?

A

Colonized Canada through the Mississippi River

55
Q

What were the Spanish location when they first colonized?

A

Colonized in Central, South, and North America.

56
Q

Why did the British come to America?

A

Religious freedom, mercantilism, and new opportunities.

57
Q

Why did the French come to America?

A

Fur trade; had the best relations with NA

58
Q

Why did the Spanish come to America?

A

God, Gold, Glory

59
Q

Where was slavery most profitable?

A

The southern colonies

60
Q

What items did slaves grow?

A

Tobacco, rice, and indigo (cash crops)

61
Q

Overt Slavery

A

Physically harming slave owners: running away, killing master, etc.

62
Q

Passive Slavery

A

Harming the slave owner’s profits: breaking tools, faking illness, etc.

63
Q

Middle Passage

A

Route taken by slaves across the Atlantic

64
Q

Purpose of the Navigation Acts

A

A law passed that made it so colonists could only trade with British ships, etc.

65
Q

How does the Navigation Act relate to Mercantilism?

A

Mercantilism relied on the colonists trading exclusively with England.

66
Q

What is Mercantilism?

A

Belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

67
Q

How does Mercantilism work?

A

Manufactured goods go from America to Europe to Africa and loops.

2024-2025: Social Studies (2 decks)

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