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Intro to Nutrient Science > Unit 1 (chps. 1 - 3) > Flashcards

Unit 1 (chps. 1 - 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

This unit of measure is used in nutrition science that expresses the amount of energy provided by food.

A

Calorie

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2
Q

Protein molecules differ from carbohydrate or fat molecules by the linking together of what?

A

Amino Acids

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3
Q

Function foods have health-promoting properties beyond basic nutritional functions. What is another term used for these foods?

A

Nutraceuticals

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4
Q

Nutrient-dense foods contain _____ compared to foods with a lower nutrient-density food

A

More nutrients per calorie

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5
Q

What remains the top nutrition related cause of death in the U.S.?

A

Heart Disease

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6
Q

True or False: Speeding up metabolism is one of the main functions of nutrients?

A

False

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7
Q

True or False: Providing energy is one of the three functions of nutrients?

A

True

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8
Q

True or False: Contributing to the structure of our body is one of the main functions of nutrients?

A

True

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9
Q

In a scientific experiment, this is the group of participants used as the basis of comparison.

A

Control Group

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10
Q

Which step of the scientific method if a proposed explanation for an observation?

A

Hypothesis

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11
Q

True or False: Fortification is voluntary and is at the discretion of the federal government

A

False

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12
Q

True or False: Fortification of foods began to help eliminate nutrient deficiencies in the population

A

True

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13
Q

True or False: Milk with added vitamin D is an example of fortification

A

True

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14
Q

Phytochemicals have health-promoting properties and are found in what foods?

A

Plant Foods

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15
Q

In 1894, the first dietary recommendations in the U.S. were published by the _____. The purpose of these recommendations was to _____.

A

USDA; keep Americans healthy

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16
Q

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are recommendations for the amounts of energy, nutrients, and other food components that healthy people should consume in order to stay healthy and reduce the risk of chronic disease. Which of the following are nutrient intakes that are sufficient to meet the needs of almost all healthy people in a specific gender and life-stage group.

A

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)

17
Q

Percent Daily Value (%DV) is the amount of a nutrient in a food as a percentage based on this amount of calories

A

2000

18
Q

According to the DRIs, the majority of calories you eat should come from what?

A

Carbohydrates

19
Q

The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines targets what age in America?

A

Every age and life stage

20
Q

When using MyPlate to plan meals, which food groups should make up half the plate?

A

Fruits and vegetables

21
Q

On a Nutrition Facts Panel, ingredient are listed in descending order by what?

A

Weight

22
Q

What is the USDA’s current food guide that is an educational tool translating the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines?

A

MyPlate

23
Q

Dietary supplements include nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, enzymes, herbs, or other substances. The FDA oversees the supplement industry but does not regulate which of the following?

A

Strict testing and manufacturing standards

24
Q

According to the Dietary Guidelines’ Key Recommendations, maintaining a healthy body weight is emphasized by what?

A

Physical activity

25
Q

This substance is produced in the liver, but is stored in and secreted by the gallbladder

A

Bile

26
Q

What is the correct order, from smallest unit to largest, of life (cell, atom, tissue, molecule)?

A

Atom –> Molecules –> Cells –> Tissues

27
Q

In this organelle, energy in the form of ATP is produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

A

Mitochondria

28
Q

As food enters the stomach, this hormone stimulates secretion of gastric juices by cells in the stomach

A

Gastrin

29
Q

Of these organs (liver, esophagus, salivary glands), which is NOT an accessory organ digestion that assists the GI tract?

A

Esophagus

30
Q

This is the smallest unit of life and can grow, reproduce, and perform certain basic functions

A

Cell

31
Q

This enzyme begins the digestion of protein

A

Pepsin

31
Q

When you consume foods, digestion begins in the mouth where the chewed food encounters this enzyme

A

Amylase

32
Q

This organ of digestion is the main site of absorption

A

Small Intestine

33
Q
A

Intro to Nutrient Science (1 decks)

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