Unit 1 (Chapter 1-5)

Question 1

abstract thought

Answer 1

a complex thought process where ideas are the focus rather than tangible objects

Question 2

adolescent growth spurt

Answer 2

a period of rapid physical growth experienced during puberty

Question 3

biological determinants

Answer 3

factors relating to the body that affect health (e.g. genetics,
hormones, body weight)

Question 4

body mass index (BMI)

Answer 4

a measure of body mass to height, used to ascertain overweight
and obesity levels

Question 5

complexity

Answer 5

the quality of being intricate or complex

Question 6

concrete thought

Answer 6

a simple thought process that centers on objects and the physical
environment

Question 7

determinants of health

Answer 7

factors that raise or lower the level of health in a population or
individual. Determinants of health help to explain or predict trends in health and why some
groups have better or worse health than others (AIHW, 2006).

Question 8

developmental milestone

Answer 8

a significant skill or event occurring in a person’s life: for
example, learning to walk, getting a job or having children

Question 9

ejaculation

Answer 9

the process whereby semen is ejected from a male’s penis

Question 10

embryo

Answer 10

a developing human from around the second week of pregnancy until the end of
the eighth week

Question 11

emotional development

Answer 11

the development of the full range of emotions and the optimal
way of dealing with and expressing them

Question 12

fertilisation

Answer 12

the point in time when the sperm fertilises the egg, the genetic material fuses
and development begins

Question 13

fine motor skills

Answer 13

the manipulation and coordination of small muscle groups such as those
in the hands

Question 14

genetic potential

Answer 14

the genetic capabilities and limitations of an individual’s genetic make-up

Question 15

gross motor skills

Answer 15

the manipulation and coordination of large muscle groups such as
those in the arms and legs

Question 16

hormone

Answer 16

a chemical messenger that results in changes in the body

Question 17

individual human development

Answer 17

the series of orderly, predictable changes that occur

from conception until death. Development can be physical, social, emotional or intellectual

Question 18

intellectual development

Answer 18

the development of processes in the brain such as thought,

knowledge and memory

Question 19

menarch

Answer 19

the first occurrence of menstruation in females

Question 20

menstruation

Answer 20

the discharge of blood and other tissue from the uterus that marks the
beginning of the menstrual cycle

Question 21

metabolism

Answer 21

the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. It allows body structures to
carry out their functions

Question 22

nutrient dense

Answer 22

describes foods that contain a large amount of nutrients such as vitamins
and minerals

Question 23

period

Answer 23

the discharge of blood and other tissue from the uterus that marks the
beginning of the menstrual cycle

Question 24

physical development

Answer 24

changes to the body and its systems. These can be changes in size
(i.e. growth), complexity (e.g. the increase in complexity of the nervous system) and motor
skills (e.g. learning to walk).

Question 25

primary sex characteristics

Answer 25

primary sex characteristics

Question 26

puberty

Answer 26

biological changes that occur during youth and prepare the individual for sexual
reproduction

Question 27

rite of passage

Answer 27

a cultural event or ceremony that signifies an achievement in a person’s
development

Question 28

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 28

traits arising from changes in both males and females at

puberty. They are neither directly related to reproduction nor present at birth.

Question 29

semen

Answer 29

substance containing sperm and fluids that is released from the penis during
ejaculation

Question 30

social development

Answer 30

the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships
with other people (VCAA)

Question 31

sperm

Answer 31

a component of semen. Sperm are the male sex cells required for reproduction.

Question 32

spermarche

Answer 32

relating to the first ejaculation in males

Question 33

youth

Answer 33

12 to 18 years of age; however, it should be acknowledged that classifications for
the stage of youth can differ across agencies (VCAA)