Unit 1 ( chap 1- 3 ) Flashcards
Pitch
The perceived highness or lowness of a sound, determined by its frequency.
Dynamics
The volume or intensity of a musical sound.
Timbre
The quality or character of a sound that distinguishes it from other sounds, often referred to as tone color.
Articulation
The manner in which musical notes are played or sung, affecting their clarity and separation.
Duration
The length of time a musical sound or silence lasts.
Wavelength
The distance between two corresponding points on a sound wave, related to the perceived pitch of a sound.
Frequency
The number of sound wave cycles per second, measured in hertz (Hz).
Hertz
A unit of measurement for frequency, representing the number of cycles per second.
Amplitude
The maximum displacement or height of a sound wave, related to the perceived loudness of a sound.
Waveform
The graphical representation of a sound wave, showing its amplitude and frequency characteristics.
Envelope
A graphical representation of the amplitude of a sound over time, typically showing the attack, sustain, and release phases.
Attack
The initial phase of a sound, representing the onset or beginning of a musical note.
Sustain
The middle phase of a sound, representing its duration or length.
Release
The final phase of a sound, representing its decay or ending.
Staff
A set of horizontal lines and spaces on which musical notes are written.
Soprano
The highest vocal range for female singers.
Mezzo Soprano
A vocal range between soprano and alto for female singers.
Alto
The lowest female vocal range or the highest male vocal range.
Tenor
The highest male vocal range.
Baritone
A vocal range between tenor and bass for male singers.
Clef
A musical symbol placed at the beginning of a staff to indicate the pitch of the notes.
Monophonic
Music consisting of a single melodic line without accompaniment.
Polyphonic
Music consisting of multiple independent melodic lines played or sung simultaneously.
Treble Clef
A clef symbol indicating higher pitches, typically used for the right hand in piano music and higher voices.
Bass Clef
A clef symbol indicating lower pitches, typically used for the left hand in piano music and lower voices.
Grand Staff
A combination of the treble and bass clefs joined together, used for piano music.
System
A group of musical staves joined together.
Double Flat
A symbol (♭♭) that lowers the pitch of a note by two half steps.
Final Bar Line
A vertical line at the end of a musical composition or movement, indicating the conclusion.
Neutral
A term used to describe a note or chord that is neither major nor minor.
Interval
The distance between two pitches.
Half Step
The smallest interval in Western music, equivalent to the distance between two adjacent keys on a piano.
Sharp
A symbol (♯) that raises the pitch of a note by one half step.
Flat
A symbol (♭) that lowers the pitch of a note by one half step.
Enharmonic Equivalent
Two different notations that represent the same pitch, such as C♯ and D♭.
Whole Step
An interval consisting of two half steps or the distance of two adjacent keys on a piano.
Cautionary Accidental
An accidental symbol placed before a note to remind the performer of a previous alteration.
Natural
A symbol (♮) that cancels a previous sharp or flat, returning the note to its unaltered pitch.
Note Head
The round or oval shape that represents a musical note on a staff.
Stem
A vertical line attached to the note head, indicating the duration of the note.
Flag
A curved line attached to the stem of a note, used to indicate shorter note durations.
Bar Line
A vertical line that divides the staff into measures.
Measure
A segment of musical time containing a fixed number of beats.
Double Bar Line
Two vertical lines placed together to indicate the end of a section or piece.
Alla Breve
Anacrusis
Bar line
Beat ( pulse )
Beat type: Compound
Beat type: Simple
Changing meter ( multimeter )
Common time
Cut time
Dot
Double dot
Dotted rhythm
Downbeat
Duplet
Triplet
Duration
Hemiola
Irregular meter
Asymmetrical meter
Duple meter
Triple meter
Quadruple meter
Note value
Rhythm
Subdivision
Syncopation
Tempo
Tie
Time signature ( meter signature )
