Unit 1 - Cell Parts and Functions Flashcards
What does the nucleus do and where is it located?
The nucleus is the centre ‘brains’ of the cell.
It is pretty noticeable inside the cell as a black dot.
What does the nucleolus do and where is it located?
The nucleolus makes RNA. This RNA creates ribosomes.
The nucleolus is located inside the nucleus (big black dot inside it)
What is chromatin and where is it located?
Chromatin is the genes inside nucleus that contain DNA.
It is located inside the nucleus.
What is ER (Endoplasmic reticulum), where is it located, and what does it do?
What two types of ER are there? When are they considered these types?
ER takes proteins from the cell and moves it to other locations INSIDE the cell. It is located near the nucleus.
SMOOTH ER - When no rybosomes are attached to it.
ROUGH ER - When rybosomes are present on the surface of the ER.
What do ribosomes do, and where are they located?
Ribosomes make proteins for the cell.
They are located all around the cell in small groups, and can also be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
What do Golgi bodies do and where are they located?
Golgi bodies are a structure that takes proteins from the ER and modifies, sorts, and packages them for delivery throughout the cell and outside the cell.
They are found in 3 or more small cylinders in the cell close together BUT NOT ATTACHED.
What is cytoplasm?
The jelly-like substance found inside a cell to fill in the air gaps.
What are lysosomes, and what type of cell are these organelles exclusively found in?
Lysosomes break down waste and unneeded proteins with enzymes.
They are only found in animal cells.
What is the mitochondria?
It is where the cell makes usable energy called ATP.
What is a cell wall?
A rigid structure that surrounds a plant cell.
What is a centriole?
Used within a cell for cell division.
What is chloroplast?
It is an organelle in plant cells that are involved in photosynthesis.
What is a vacuole?
A reservoir of water, food, and nutrients found in a plant cell.
What does the cell membrane do and where is it located?
The cell membrane protects the cell and controls what enter or leaves (doors).
It is located on the outside of the cell.
