Unit 1 - Blood Flashcards
What is hemostasis?
It is the process by which blood vessels are repaired after injury - to stop the bleeding
What is the balance of hemostasis?
A delicate balance between the stoppage of bleeding and excessive blood clotting
What formed elements are included in the process of hemostasis?
Vessel wall, platelets, coagulation cascade, fibrinolysis
What are the stages of hemostasis?
vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, clot retraction, clot dissolution
What are platelets?
Thrombocytes used for clotting
Where are platelets produced?
Red bone marrow
What is the function of platelets?
When collagen and vonWillebran factors are exposed in the endothelial layer during injury, platelets adhere to the injured endothelium to form a plug for coagulation
What are the steps in primary hemostasis?
Injury occurs exposing collagen and vonWillebran, platelets start to adhere to the injury which triggers more platelets to aggregate and form a platelet plug
What are the steps in secondary hemostasis?
The coagulation cascade occurs
What is the coagulation cascade?
the series of steps that occur during the formation of a blood clot after injury by activating a cascade of proteins called clotting factors.
How many pathways are there within the coagulation cascade?
There are three pathways: intrinsic, extrinsic, and common.
What would the lab results show with thrombocytopenia?
Low platelet count and longer bleed time
Would would lab results show with thrombocytosis?
High platelet count, short bleeding time
What is a complication of thrombocytosis?
A thrombus
What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)?
Clotting and bleeding within the entire body causing hemorrhage and clotting resulting in ischemia
