Unit 1: Basic Ecological Concepts

Question 1

Ecology is ?

Answer 1

Scientific analysis and study of interaction among organisms and their environment

Question 2

It is an interdisciplinary field that includes?

Answer 2

Biology and Earth science

Question 3

Ecology comes from Greek word meaning?

Answer 3

Study of the Household

Question 4

What is a Species?

Answer 4

A group of organisms that are similar ““Morphologically”” and ““Genetically””

Question 5

Species are capable of interbreeding amongst themselves. TRUE/FALSE?

Answer 5

False.

This then leads to viable offspring

Question 6

————- happens to be only where true population is found

Answer 6

Species/Taxon

Question 7

———– is the root of evolutionary changes in any living form

Answer 7

Speciation

Question 8

Keystone species are said to have —————- effect on it’s environment relative to it’s abundance

Answer 8

Disproportionately large

Question 9

Keystone species plays critical roles in————

Answer 9

A. Maintains structure of ecological environment
B. Affects other organisms in ecosystem
C. Helps determine ““types”” and ““numbers”” of other species

Question 10

———- is the summation of a same group of species at a given geographical area at a given time and are capable of interbreeding

Answer 10

Population

Question 11

Population encompass attributes like?

Answer 11

Population density
Population Growth

Question 12

Population density is calculated as?

Answer 12

No of individuals (in a defined area) per unit total land area/water volume.

No. Of individuals/km2

Question 13

For humans population density is usually quoted ?

Answer 13

Per Square kilometers/ per square miles

Question 14

Overpopulation is when?

Answer 14

The carrying capacity of environment of the species is overstretched

available resources are under high pressure of demand and not reaching adequate needs of individuals in that population

Question 15

Overpopulation leads to???

Answer 15

Death
Forced migration of individuals

Question 16

High population density and overpopulation are similar. True/False.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Increase/decrease in population size is referred to as?

Answer 17

Population Growth

Question 18

———– is an assemblage of population of ““different”” species

Answer 18

Community

Question 19

Community ecology is a branch of ecology that involves??

Answer 19

Interaction between and among species.

Interaction between species and abiotic environment

Question 20

The 3 ways species interact are ?

Answer 20

Predation
Competition
Mutualism

Question 21

Competition leads to ——- Predation leads to ——–, and mutualism is a ——- situation.

Answer 21

Lose - lose
Win - lose
Win - Win

Question 22

What is an Ecosystem!

Answer 22

Community of living organisms in conjunction with the non living components of environment interacting as a system.

Question 23

Stress cracking of a material due to repetitive vibrations caused by sound is?

Answer 23

Acoustic fatigue

Question 24

Symptoms that are short term and appear rapidly is

Answer 24

Acute

Question 25

Increased conc/absorption of storage pollutants in tissues of organisms is?

Answer 25

Bioaccumulation

Question 26

Some pollutants that are stored in tissues of organisms due to bioaccumulation include

Answer 26

Heavy metals Chlorinated Organic compounds (DDT, PCB, dioxins)

Question 27

BOD stands for?

Answer 27

Biochemical/Biological Oxygen Demand

Question 28

How is BOD recorded?

Answer 28

The no. of **mg** of dissolved o2 consumed in **1litre of H2O at 20°c in five days** in the dark.

Question 29

What is BOD measured with?

Answer 29

Calibrated electronic oxygen meter

Question 30

Increased conc of pollutant as it moves along the food chain is?

Answer 30

Biomagnification