Unit 1- Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Flashcards
Charge of Proton
Positive 1
Charge of Electron
Negative 1
Charge of Neutron
No Charge
Neutral
Mass of Proton
1
Mass of Neutron
1
Mass of electron
Very small (1/1800)
Define Element
Substance made up of only one type of atom
Define Compound
Substance made up of two or more bonded atoms
Define Mixture
Two or more elements or compounds not chemically bonded
Can be separated
Plum pudding model of an atom
Positively charged ball with negatively charged electrons in it
Maximum electrons in first 3 energy shells
1st- 2 electrons
2nd- 8 electrons
3rd- 8 electrons
Where are protons in an atom?
In the neucelus
Where are neutrons in an atom?
In the neucelus
What did James Chadwick discover?
Neutrons
Where are electrons in the atom?
In energy shells/levels
surrounding the nucelsus
Mass number
sum of protons and neutrons together
Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom
Number of electrons in an atom
Isotope
Same elements with different number of neutrons (mass number)
How is the periodic table ordered?
In atomic number order
Relationship between valence (outer) electrons and group number
The group number is the same as the electrons in the outer shell
Row in the periodic table
Periods
Columns in the periodic table
Groups
Metal ions are….
positively charged
Non-metal ions are…
negatively charged
Position of non-metals on periodic table
Top right
Position of metals on periodic table
Middle and left
Position of transition metals
In the middle
Properties of Group 0 Noble gases
Unreactive
Low melting and boiling point
Why are group 0 noble gases unreactive?
They have full outer shells
Name of group 1 metals
Alkali metals
Reactivity of group 1 meals down the group
Increases down the group
How do group 1 metals form ions?
Loses electron
Positive one change
How do group 7 halogens form ions?
Gains electron
Negative one charge
Name of group 7 elements
Halogens
Reactivity of group 7 down the group…
decreases
Down group 7 the melting point…
increases
