Unit 1-Atomic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Everything in the world is made up of atoms. Name the three smaller particles which make up atoms.

A

Protons, neutrons and electrons

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2
Q

Describe the charge, mass and position within the atom of protons.

A

Protons are positively charged, have a mass of 1 amu and are found in the nucleus.

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3
Q

Describe the charge, mass and position with the atom of neutrons.

A

Neutrons have no charge (neutral), have a mass of 1 amu and found in the nucleus

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4
Q

Describe the charge, mass and position within the atom of electrons.

A

Electrons are negatively charged, have a mass of nearly 0 and found in circles called energy levels around the nucleus.

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5
Q

How many electrons can fit in the

  • 1st energy shell
  • 2nd energy shell
  • 3rd energy shell
A
  • 2
  • 8
  • 8
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6
Q

What is the electron arrangement of

  1. Carbon (6 electrons)
  2. Lithium (3 electrons)
  3. Calcium (20 electrons)
A
  1. 2,4
  2. 2,1
  3. 2,8,8,2
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7
Q

Explain how an atom can contain charged particles yet be uncharged overall.

A

They contain the same number of positive protons as negative electrons or the charges cancel.

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8
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Same atomic number/protons and different mass number/mass/number of neutrons

or

Atoms of the same element with different mass number/mass/number of neutrons

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9
Q

What is meant by relative atomic mass?

A

Relative atomic mass is the average mass of the isotopes present, taking into account their relative proportions.

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10
Q

What is an ion and how are they formed?

A

An ion is a charged atom formed by the gain or loss of electrons

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11
Q

What name is given to this way of representing an atom?

A

Nuclide Notation

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12
Q

What do the numbers represent in this diagram?

A

The atom has a mass number of 12 and atomic number of 6.

It has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.

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