Unit 1 APES Basic Principles of Living Things Flashcards
what are terrestrial bios defined by?
precipitation, animal species, and plant species
when a participation line is below the temperature line in a climate diagram means?
that plant growth will be limited by perticipation
Permafrost is important in what type of biome?
Tundra
what biome has the highest soil nutrient levels?
Temperate deciduous forest
what is an abotic component in an environment?
a nonliving thingw
what is a biotic component in an environment?
a living thing
what is the soil like in tropical rain forests?
the lack soil horizions
what is soil horizions
different levels of soil
what country has the largest area of temperate deciduous forests?
USA
dead trees provide what in an ecosystem?
valuable habitiats for wildlife
what aquatic ecosystem has the harshest conditions form tides?
the intertidal zones
what are the levels of an aquatic ecosystem (remember LLPB)
Littoral
Limnetic
Profundal
Benthic
what is the darkest level of the aquatic ecosystem?
the benthic zone
what are wetlands profusely bad at?
spreading seeds
Aquatic biomes are categorized by what?
Salinity
what is the major scorce of oxygen in the oceans comes from?
Phytoplankton
why are floodplains good for agri production?
nutrients tend to be rich and the soils fertile
what are autotrophs?
organisms that use photosynthesis
what is the first level of the primary production pyramid?
primary producers
what is the second level of the PPP
primary consumers
what is the third level of the PPP
secondary consumers
what is the top level of PPP
tertiary consumers/top predators
what is GPP
the total amount of energy captured by plants from the sun
What is NPP
the total amount of energy converted into glucose
NPP=GPP-RP
what is the average percent of energy passed on between trophic levels?
10%
what chemical is fixed in the air by bacteria
nitrogen
how does human construction affect the water cycyle?
increasing runoff and increasing evaporation
phosphorus does what to aquatic ecosystems?
causes agal blooms in excess amounts and is a limiting nutrient
what is the largest carbon pool?
the oceans
annual fluxuation in CO2 is best explained by
The seasonal activity of green plants
when water leaves a plants leaves it is referred to as what?
transpiration
what is symbiosis?
a long term interaction between 2 species
what Is mutalism?
relationship between organisms what is beneficial to both
what is commensalism?
relationship where only one species benefits and the other is unharmed
what is parasitism?
relationship where one species is helped and the other is harmed
what is nitrogen fixation?
the conversion of nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere into ammonia (accomplished through bacteria in soil)
what is ammonification?
organic compounds being turned into ammonia and then being turned into nitrite
what is nitrification?
the conversion of nitrites into nitrates in soils
what is assimilation?
process where plants and animals incorporate nitrogen and ammonia through there roots
what is dentrification?
the conversion of nitrites into nitrates in the atmosphere
what is a biome?
a large region in the biosphere characterized by climate and P+A species
what is the primary productivity theory?
only the level below can affect the level above
what is the trophic Cascade hypothesis?
that the top level of the pyramid can indirectly affect the bottom level of the pyramid
what is the law of conservation
energy cannot be destroyed, just transferred and transformed
