Unit 1: AOS 1 How do organisms function? Flashcards
What is the Cell/Plasma membrane made out of?
Phospholipids
Name the 2 different types of passive transport.
Osmosis & Diffusion
Name the 3 different types of active transport.
Active Transport, Facilitated Transport & Bulk Transport
What are the 2 different types of singular Cells?
Prokaryotic, Eukaryotic.
What are the 5 Proper (Latin) names for the kingdoms of life?
Animalia, Protista, Monera, Plantae & Fungi
What are the roles and parts of the Nucleus?
- Regulates Cell function (controller)
- Surrounded by a double-layered membrane (nuclear enveloped) With large paws for allowing minerals to pass in and out of the Nucleus
- Contains Chromatin (long strands of DNA)
What is the role of the Nucleolus?
To Create Ribosomes that are the sites of protein production.
What is the role of a Ribosome?
The site of Protein synthesis.
What is Cytoplasm?
The jelly like substance that surrounds the organelles within the cell.
Define Hypotonic, Hypertonic & Isotonic.
- Hypotonic = Higher outside concentration.
- Hypertonic = Lower outside concentration.
- Isotonic = Equal concentration both inside and outside.
What are the 2 types of Endoplasmic reticulum & what to they do?
- It acts as the delivery system for the cell.
- Rough E.R = Houses Ribosomes for protein synthesis.
- Smooth E.R = Houses Enzymes for Lipid synthesis.
What does the golgi apparatus do?
It is a series of flattened sacks that receives proteins and lipids from the E.R and repackages them and sends them to the cell membrane.
What is a Vacuole?
A membrane filled with fluid to store; Water, Food, Waste ect.
What is a Mitochondria?
They produce A.T.P (energy for the cell) and spread it around the cell.
What is a Chloroplast?
A Chloroplast found only in Plantae, it receives sunlight and creates glucose through a process called photosynthesis
What does active transport and facilitated transport use to cross the Cell Membrane?
Protein Channels.
What are the 3 types of Bulk transport?
- Exocytosis = Exiting
- Endocytosis = Entering
- Pinocytosis = Fluids only
What is the difference between Active Transport and Facilitated Transport?
- Facilitated transport does not require energy because it is moving with the concentration gradient (high to low)
- Active transport however does require energy because it is moving against the concentration Gradient (low to high)
