UNIT 1 AOS 1

Question 1

Health status

Answer 1

An individuals or populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors

Question 2

HALE

Answer 2

Health adjusted life expectancy:
A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but involving an adjustment of time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health

Question 3

Mortality

Answer 3

Refers to death in a group or population

Question 4

Morbidity

Answer 4

Refers to ill health and the levels of ill health in a population or group

Question 5

Incidence

Answer 5

Number or rate of new cases of an illness during a period of time

Question 6

Prevalence

Answer 6

Total number or proportion of cases present in a population at a given time

Question 7

Burden of disease

Answer 7

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries. It specifically means the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of does ease and disability. It is measured in DALY

Question 8

DALY

Answer 8

1 DALY= one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
YLL+YLD=DALY

Question 9

Self-assessed health status

Answer 9

A measure based on ones own opinion about how they fell about their health and well-being, their state of mind and their life in general

Question 10

Biological factors

Answer 10

Factors relating to the body that impact on health.

Eg genetics,hormones BW BP BIRHT WEIGHT ect

Question 11

Body weight

Answer 11

HBW is a leading contributor to a number of health conditions.
Obesity is defined as carrying excess body weight in the form of fat. A bmi over 30 is obese.
Excess body weight can lead to T2D and CVD

Question 12

Blood pressure

Answer 12

Normal =120/80
Hypertension means the blood is not able to flow easily through the blood vessels
Risk factors for hypertension is hbw, lac of physical activity, stress and smoking

Question 13

Blood cholesterol

Answer 13

Body creates cholesterol and it’s an essential type of fat required for the body.
Most people consume extra cholesterol.
Too much LDL (bad) cholesterol is a risk factor for cvd, heart attack and stroke.
Atherosclerosis is the build up of plaque caused by extra cholesterol resulting in the hardening and loss of elasticity of blood vessels.

Question 14

Blood glucose

Answer 14

Is preferred fuel for energy with the cells.
When carbs are eaten the resulting glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Impaired glucose regulation=t2d
Insulin resistance=Risk for t2d.
⬇️cells become resistant to the action of insulin preventing glucose from being absorbed.

Question 15

Broth weight

Answer 15

Lbw= less than 2.5kg
Smoking and age of mother can cause lbw babies.
Lbw babies have an increased risk of premature death, so each and learning disabilities and underdeveloped immune system

Question 16

Genetics

Answer 16

The genetic material contained in body cells controls many aspects of life such as sex and body type.
Some diseases are exclusively male or female eg ovarian cancer.
Genetic predisposition and genetics and hormones

Question 17

Sociocultural factors

Answer 17

Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health.
SES, cultural influences and social isolation

Question 18

Access to healthcare

Answer 18

Healthcare refers to services that promote and preserve h and w. Common factors that impact upon an individuals access to healthcare are:
Cultural barriers- language barriers, religion and understanding of western medicine can mean that some population groups are less likely to access healthcare than other groups.
Financial barriers- low ses groups may not have the ability to access some types of healthcare including PHI and dental care.

Question 19

Food security

Answer 19

Refers to the state in which all people can obtain nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate and safe food regularly through non-emergency sources.
Low income- may mean that people are more resilient on processed foods which tend to be high in fat, salt and sugar and contribute to diet related diseases.
Insecurity can lead to t2d anemia and cvd

Question 20

SES

Answer 20

Income+job+education=SES

Refers to position in society