Unit 1 AOS 1 Flashcards
Define Herdity
transmission of characteristics from biological parents via genes at the time of conception
Define Environment
refers to all the experiences to which we are exposed throughout our entire lifetime.
Critical periods
-Start and End is abrupt
-A person has increased sensitivity to external sources that are necessary to develop a function
-If you don’t develop the function in the period you never will
Sensitive periods
-Start and End is gradual
-A person has increased sensitivity to external sources to help them develop a function
-Basic principle is better to do now but can do later
What are the four signs of attachment?
- Proximity maintenance
- Safe Haven
- Secure Base
- Separation Anxiety
Define Proximity Maintenance
Maintaining close proximity to attachment target
Define Safe Haven
Using the attachment figure to provide for needs safety and comfort
Define Secure Base
Exploring the world – but using caregivers as a base to return to from time to time
Define Separation Anxiety
showing some form of distress when their main caregiver disappears
What are the three types of attachment?
- Secure Attachment
- Insecure-Avoidant Attachment
- Insecure Resistant Attachment
Define Secure Attachment
An infant who displays all 4 signs of attachment
Define Insecure-Avoidant Attachment
Infant does not seek closeness to the caregiver and treats them like a stranger
Does not cry when caregiver leaves and ignores them when they return
Define Insecure-Resistant Attachment
Infant anxious when caregiver is near
Upset when separated, still upset even when they return
Infant cries to be picked up, squirms and then fights to be free
What are the four signs of Piagets Cognitive development theory
- Sensorimotor (ages 0-2)
- Pre-Operational ( ages 2-7)
- Concrete Operational (ages 7-12)
- Formal Operational (ages 12+)
What is the cognitive accomplishment of sensorimotor?
Object permanence – the understanding that objects still exist even if they cannot be seen, heard or touched.
What is the cognitive accomplishment of pre-operational?
Egocentrism - the tendency to perceive the world solely from one’s own point of view
What is the cognitive accomplishment of concrete-operational?
Conservation – knowing that an object does not change its weight, mass, volume or area when the object changes its shape or appearance.
What is the cognitive accomplishment of formal-operational?
Abstract thinking — a way of thinking that does not rely on being able to see or visualise things in order to understand concepts
