unit 1 anatomy

Question 1

adrenal glands

Answer 1

releases hormones

Question 2

alveoli

Answer 2

small air spaces in the lungs

Question 3

red blood cells

Answer 3

carry oxygen from lungs to tissues
takes CO2 back to lungs

Question 4

white blood cells

Answer 4

help body fight infections and other diseases

Question 5

arteries

Answer 5

carry blood away from the heart

Question 6

veins

Answer 6

carry blood toward the heart

Question 7

bone marrow

Answer 7

RED: forms all blood cells (except lymphocytes), YELLOW: storehouse for fats

Question 8

brain

Answer 8

thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor, vision, etc.

Question 9

bronchi

Answer 9

main air passages to the lungs

Question 10

diaphragm

Answer 10

thin sheet of muscle separating the chest from the abdomen

Question 11

epiglottis

Answer 11

covers the windpipe to direct food towards stomach

Question 12

esophagus

Answer 12

tube used to swallow (between back of throat and stomach)

Question 13

gall bladder

Answer 13

sac that stores, concentrates bile

Question 14

heart

Answer 14

pumps blood

Question 15

kidneys

Answer 15

maintains water balance
expels metabolic wastes

Question 16

large intestine (colon)

Answer 16

lubricates waste, absorbs remaining fluids/salts, stores waste

Question 17

larynx

Answer 17

produces vocal sounds and prevents passage of food and other foreign particles

Question 18

liver

Answer 18

removes waste/toxic matter from blood, destroys old red blood cells
secretes bile, metabolizes proteins/carbs/fats, stores glycogen/vitamins/others, synthesizes blood-clotting, regulates blood volume

Question 19

lymph nodes

Answer 19

filters for blood, providing tissue where foreign antigens can be trapped/exposed to cells

Question 20

lungs

Answer 20

take oxygen from environment, transfer to bloodstream

Question 21

pancreas

Answer 21

releases hormones to regulate blood sugar
discharges digestive enzymes (insulin, glucagon)

Question 22

salivary glands

Answer 22

lubricate your mouth, help swallow, aid in digestion, protect teeth

Question 23

skin/sweat glands

Answer 23

provides protection, receives sensory stimuli, regulates body temp.

Question 24

small intestine

Answer 24

where most digestion/absorption of food takes place (extending from stomach to large intestine)

Question 25

spinal cord

Answer 25

mediate reflex actions, transmit impulses to/from brain

Question 26

spleen

Answer 26

primary blood filter, storing/releasing immune cells (tissue inflammation)

Question 27

stomach

Answer 27

a temp. receptacle for storage+distribution of food
some chem. processes of digestion

Question 28

testes and ovaries

Answer 28

releases hormones

Question 29

thyroid gland

Answer 29

releases hormones

Question 30

trachea

Answer 30

windpipe, conveys air from larynx to two main bronchi and then to air sacs

Question 31

urinary bladder

Answer 31

organ for temp. strorage of urine from kidneys

Question 32

urethra

Answer 32

duct that transmits urine from bladder to outside of body

Question 33

uvula

Answer 33

secretes saliva and keep food/fluid from nose (hangs from post. of soft palate)